石榴籽油的提取及脂质组成分析

Extraction and lipid composition analysis of pomegranate seed oil

以石榴籽为原料,将石榴籽烘干至不同水分含量,用研磨和碾碎等机械法进行破壳,并用溶剂震荡法提取石榴籽油,以此探究水分含量对破壳强度及石榴籽油基本理化品质的影响.结果表明:石榴籽油的破壳强度随水分含量的降低而增大,酸价和过氧化值则随水分含量的降低而降低,在5 wt%以下时,酸价为1.35 mg KOH/g,过氧化值为0.23 mmol/kg.对石榴籽油进行甘油酯组成分析及脂类伴随物组成分析,发现石榴籽油中的甘油酯主要为甘油三酯,占97%~98%,脂类伴随物中生育酚主要为γ-生育酚,为1 738.23 mg/kg,角鲨烯含量达880.39 mg/kg;进一步分析甘油三酯分子种类,发现石榴籽油主要由11种甘油三酯分子组成,其中PiPiPi含量最高,占62.30%.

The pomegranate seeds were dried to different moisture contents with pomegranate seeds as raw materials.Mechanical methods such as grinding and crushing were used to break the shells,and pomegranate seed oil was extracted using solvent shaking method.This study investigated the effect of moisture content on the breaking strength and basic physicochemical quality of pomegranate seed oil.The results indicate that the breaking strength of pomegranate seed oil increases with the decrease of water content,while the acid value and peroxide value decreases with the decrease of water content.When the content is below 5 wt%,the acid value is 1.35 mg KOH/g,and the peroxide value is 0.23 mmol/kg.An analysis of the glyceride composition and lipid concomitants of pomegranate seed oil was conducted.It is found that the glycerides in pomegranate seed oil are mainly triglycerides,accounting for 97%to 98%.The tocopherols in the lipid concomitants are mainlyγ-tocopherol.Phenol is 1738.23 mg/kg,and squalene content is 880.39 mg/kg.Pomegranate seed oil is mainly composed of 11 types of TAG molecules,of which PiPiPi has the highest content,accounting for 62.30%.