基于重点实验室的航空制造领域卓越工程师“三位一体”培养模式

Trinity training model of outstanding engineers in the field of aviation manufacturing based on the key laboratory

随着经济的发展和社会的变革,培养创新型、复合型、应用型的高水平拔尖工程技术人才成为了高校育人的核心要求。该文介绍了航空高端装备智能制造技术工信部重点实验室建设的“高端平台助力科研、飞发课程夯实基础、一线实践培养能力”三位一体的卓越工程师人才培养模式:一是形成“跨平台、重应用、育创新”的航空宇航科研实验环境;二是开发“强基础、重实践、拓思维”的飞机/发动机一体制造课程体系;三是建立“进一线、明需求、同攻关”的主机厂所联合育人新模式。实践表明,“三位一体”培养模式在人才培养、项目攻关、社会推广、国际交流等多方面取得了明显成效。

[Objective]In the face of rapid economic development and shifts in the international community,science and technology,alongside talent,are increasingly at the forefront of global strategic competition.This reality underscores the necessity for higher education institutions to focus on nurturing high-level engineering and technical talents who are innovative,versatile,and adept at practical applications.Against this backdrop,the Central Talent Work conference has stressed the importance of cultivating national strategic talent strength,with a particular emphasis on fostering young scientific and technological talents.As emerging contributors to national innovation and development,the innovative ability and vitality of young scientific and technological talents are pivotal in promoting scientific progress and facilitating industrial advancement.Recognizing their potential,it is imperative to build a supportive policy environment and institutional mechanism that encourages the growth of these young talents.It is necessary to cultivate a large number of excellent engineers,aiming to assemble a dedicated team passionate about their country,proficient in technological innovation,ability,and capable of solving complex engineering problems.[Methods]In alignment with these objectives,the Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology for Aeronautics Advanced Equipment,under the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,has introduced a comprehensive training model for cultivating outstanding engineers.Termed the“Trinity Training Model,”it encompasses three core components:high-end platforms for research,strengthening foundational knowledge through specialized plane/engine courses,and cultivating practical skills through hands-on experience.The first element of this model establishes an aerospace-focused research and experimental environment.By pooling research resources,ranging from disciplinary and equipment resources to talent,from different national and provincial laboratories and fostering collaborative initiatives with leading aerospace manufacturers and institutes,the model maximizes the potential of university laboratories to spur groundbreaking innovations.This collaborative approach lays a solid foundation for students to develop their innovation and problem-solving skills in practical engineering contexts.Furthermore,this model proposes to design an integrated plane/engine manufacturing curriculum system.In collaboration with the Research Institute of Aero-Engine of Beihang University,the School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation of Beihang University,and the Large Aircraft Talent Program,the key laboratory has developed professional courses.These include“Introduction to Aircraft Engine Assembly Technology”,“Complex System Assembly and Measurement Techniques,”and“Advanced Manufacturing Technologies for Modern Aircraft.”These courses are designed to serve the educational needs of students in aerospace manufacturing engineering and related disciplines,emphasizing the seamless integration of aircraft and engine topics into the curriculum.To improve students’engineering literacy,innovation capabilities,and hands-on skills,we have introduced a new teaching model.This model harmoniously combines theoretical teaching,experimental practice,and cutting-edge lectures.Moreover,this trinity training model pioneers a collaborative approach to talent cultivation,closely aligning with host manufacturing plants.On one hand,it draws upon real-world engineering challenges encountered by prime manufacturers as a teaching tool.This approach encourages students to actively participate in research projects and collaborate with chief engineers while shaping them into pioneers capable of making significant research achievements.On the other hand,it offers students early exposure to professional settings(institutes and factories),where they tackle engineering projects firsthand and gain an understanding of the industry’s development prospects and trends.Such experiences prepare students to meet the employment needs of prime manufacturers and,ultimately,to make meaningful contributions to the sector.[Results]The essence of our trinity model lies in cultivating outstanding engineering talents.By integrating teaching,research,and practical applications and through comprehensive planning and coordination,this model successfully addresses a series of educational and teaching challenges.The outcomes contribute to talent development,project management,social promotion,and international exchanges.[Conclusions]It holds valuable insights and references for the construction and management of laboratories in related disciplines.