干热岩勘探开发及利用全球专利分析

Global patent analysis on exploration and development and utilization of hot dry rock

干热岩是具有广泛应用前景的绿色能源。以干热岩为研究对象,基于专利分析,重点对干热岩勘探开发及利用的专利申请趋势、地域分布、重点专利申请人、技术构成以及重点专利布局等进行了全面分析。结果表明,干热岩技术专利的申请呈现出“萌芽—成长—高峰”的发展规律;中国已成为全球干热岩技术专利的主要贡献者,中国和美国分别位列该领域全球专利申请量前2位,占据了专利申请总量的93.5%。两国在专利技术侧重存在明显不同,中国侧重于应用技术,美国更重视基础研究且专利质量更高;全球专利申请量排名前20申请人以企业和高校为主,合计占44.6%,中国石化、吉林大学和中国地质调查局是干热岩专利领域的重点申请人;干热岩重点一级技术以流动取热和发电利用为主,合计占比69.3%,二级技术以传热机理和水力压裂为主,合计占39.7%,上述技术代表了干热岩技术的研发热点以及未来的重点发展方向;前10位重点专利平均被引用次数为147.8次,专利号为US6668554的专利被引用次数最多,为218次,Echogen powersystems是此专利的重点申请人,分析结果旨在为中国干热岩产业战略发展、技术研发和国际化专利布局提供参考。

Hot dry rock is a green energy with a wide range of application prospects.Based on the perspective of patent analysis,this paper focuses on the trend of patent application,geographical distribution,key patent applicants technical composition and key patent layout of hot dry rock exploration,development and utilization.The results show that The application of dry hot rock technology patent shows the development trend of"bud-growth-peak".China has become a major contributor to global hot dry rock technology patents,with China and the United States ranking among the top two in terms of global patent applications in this field,accounting for 93.5%of the total patent applications.There is a significant difference in technology focus between the two countries,with China focusing on applied technology,while the United States places more emphasis on basic research and has higher patent quality.The top 20 global patent applicants are mainly enterprises and universities,accounting for 44.6%.Sinopec,Jilin University,and the China Geological Survey are key applicants in the field of hot dry rock patents;The key primary technologies of hot dry rock mainly focus on flow heat extraction and power generation utilization,accounting for a total of 69.3%.The secondary technologies mainly focus on heat transfer mechanism and hydraulic fracturing,accounting for a total of 39.7%.The above technologies represent the research and development hotspots of hot dry rock technology and the future key development directions;The average number of citations for the top 10 key patents is 147.8.The patent with patent number US6668554 has the highest number of citations,at 218.Echogen power systems is the key applicant for this patent.The analysis results in this article aims to provide reference for the strategic development,technological research and development,and international patent layout of China's hot dry rock industry.