mRNA疫苗在癌症和传染性疾病方面的研究现状

Research stauts of mRNA vaccines in cancer and infectious diseases

mRNA疫苗具有高效性、安全性、快速发展的潜力、成本效益高等优势,已成为癌症和传染性疾病的强大治疗平台。通过对mRNA疫苗结构修饰和递送方式改进,有效改善了mRNA疫苗不稳定性和体内传递效率低等缺点。根据目前已批准的mRNA疫苗和mRNA疫苗的临床试验,本文综述了mRNA疫苗的分类、结构修饰、作用机制以及在癌症和传染性疾病方面的应用等,并且讨论了mRNA疫苗目前面临的挑战和未来的发展前景。

With the advantages of high efficiency, safety, potential for rapid development, and cost-effectiveness, mRNA vaccines have become a powerful therapeutic platform for cancer and infectious diseases. The shortcomings of mRNA vaccines, such as instability and low in vivo delivery efficiency, have been effectively improved by structural modification of mRNA vaccines and delivery improvement. Based on the currently approved mRNA vaccines and clinical trials of mRNA vaccines, this paper reviews the classification, structural modification, mechanism of action, and applications of mRNA vaccines in cancer and infectious diseases, and discusses the current challenges and future development prospects of mRNA vaccines.