高原病药物预防及治疗的研究现状

Research status on drug prevention and treatment of high altitude sickness

高原病是人体急性或慢性暴露于高原缺氧环境所致的一系列生理病理改变和代偿性适应变化所导致的疾病。其中,急性高原病发病急,如不妥善处理很有可能发展成高原肺水肿(HAPE)和高原脑水肿等危及生命的疾病。慢性高原病若不引起重视,会造成患者各个系统的损伤。本文对近期HAPE、高原红细胞增多症(HAPC)和高原肺动脉高压(HAPH)这3种高原病的药物预防及治疗方面进行综述,为急进高原人群的快速适应和高海拔居民的保健提供参考。

Altitude sickness is a disease caused by series of physiological and pathological changes and compensatory adaptation changes caused by acute or chronic exposure to high altitude hypoxia.High altitude pulmonary edema(HAPE)and high altitude cerebral edema are life-threatening diseases that are likely to develop;chronic high-altitude sickness,if not taken seriously,can affect various systems of the patient.This article reviews the drug prevention and treatment of three types of altitude sickness,HAPE,high altitude polycythemia(HAPC),and high altitude pulmonary hypertension(HAPH),to provide a reference for the rapid adaptation of people entering high altitudes and the health care of high-altitude residents.