银耳多糖对益生菌发酵驼乳改善小鼠免疫和肠道黏膜屏障功能的影响

Influence of Tremella Polysaccharide on the Ameliorative Effect of Probiotic-Fermented Camel Milk on Immunity and Intestinal Mucosal Barrier Function in Mice

目的:研究银耳多糖对益生菌发酵驼乳改善环磷酰胺(cyclophosphamide,CTX)诱导的免疫抑制小鼠免疫和肠道黏膜屏障功能的影响。方法:测定益生菌发酵驼乳和银耳益生菌发酵驼乳的理化指标和抗氧化活性。BALB/C小鼠随机分为正常组(NC组)、模型组(MD组)、益生菌发酵驼乳组(FCM组)、银耳益生菌发酵驼乳组(FYCM组),每天分别灌胃0.2 mL生理盐水、生理盐水、益生菌发酵驼乳、银耳益生菌发酵驼乳,干预周期为30 d;最后4 d,除NC组之外,其余各组每天腹腔注射60 mg/kg m_(b)CTX构建免疫抑制模型。对小鼠脏器指数、脾淋巴细胞增殖活性、迟发型变态反应、细胞因子和免疫球蛋白含量、脾脏和空肠组织形态学进行分析。结果:低温贮藏21 d,FYCM的pH值从4.52缓慢下降到4.30,滴定酸度从95.7°T逐步上升到124.73°T,乳酸菌数量从9.40×10^(9)CFU/mL下降到8.38×10^(9)CFU/mL,持水力从39.23%下降到35.13%。与益生菌发酵驼乳相比,银耳益生菌发酵驼乳的抗氧化能力极显著提高(P<0.01)。小鼠实验表明,与MD组相比,FYCM可显著提高免疫抑制小鼠的脏器指数、脾淋巴细胞增殖率和迟发性超敏反应能力,上调白细胞介素-6、干扰素-γ、免疫球蛋白G、免疫球蛋白M、肠道分泌型免疫球蛋白A水平,修复脾脏和空肠黏膜结构,且其效果显著优于FCM。结论:银耳益生菌发酵驼乳具有调节免疫和肠道黏膜屏障功能的潜力,在功能性乳品市场具有广阔的应用前景。

Objective:To study the impact of Tremella polysaccharide on the ameliorative effect of probiotic-fermented camel milk on immunity and intestinal mucosal barrier function in cyclophosphamide(CTX)-induced immunosuppressed mice.Methods:The physicochemical indexes and antioxidant activities of probiotic-fermented camel milk with and without added Tremella polysaccharide were determined.BALB/C mice were randomly divided into four groups:normal(NC),model(MD),probiotic-fermented camel milk(FCM),and probiotic-fermented camel milk with Tremella polysaccharide(FYCM),which were gavaged with 0.2 mL of normal saline,normal saline,FCM,and FYCM for 30 days,respectively.During the last four days,all groups except the NC group were intraperitoneally injected with a daily dose of 60 mg/kg·m_(b) CTX to establish an immunosuppression model.Organ indexes,the proliferation activity of spleen lymphocytes,delayed-type allergic reaction,cytokine and immunoglobulin contents,spleen and jejunum morphology were analyzed.Results:During 21 days of low temperature storage,the pH of FYCM decreased slowly from 4.52 to 4.30,the titratable acidity increased gradually from 95.7 to 124.73°T,the num_(b)er of lactic acid bacteria decreased from 9.40×10^(9) to 8.38×10^(9) CFU/mL,and the water holding capacity decreased from 39.23%to 35.13%.Compared with FCM,the antioxidant capacity of FYCM was significantly improved(P<0.01).Furthermore,compared with the MD group,FYCM significantly improved organ indexes,spleen lymphocyte proliferation activity and delayed-type hypersensitivity(DTH),upregulated the levels of interleukin(IL)-6,interferon-γ(IFN-γ),immunoglobulin G(IgG),immunoglobulin M(IgM),and secretory immunoglobulin A(sIgA),and repaired spleen and jejunum mucosal structures,and its effect was significantly more pronounced than that of FCM.Conclusion:Probiotic-fermented camel milk incorporated with Tremella polysaccharide has the potential to regulate immune and intestinal mucosal barrier function,thereby having broad application prospects in the functional dairy market.