2001—2020年武陵山区生态质量评价与驱动力分析

Ecological Quality Assessment and Driving Force Analysis in Wuling Mountain Area from 2001 to 2020

基于Google Earth Engine平台和MODIS数据,利用集成绿度、湿度、热度和干度的遥感生态指数(RSEI)评价武陵山区生态质量,并运用多种空间分析方法,对该区2001—2020年的生态质量进行了时空变化和驱动力分析。结果表明:武陵山区RSEI多年均值是0.65,生态质量较好,其空间分布大致呈现“北部高、中西部和东南部低”的格局,大多数区域的生态条件改善,空间变化趋势总体表现为增加;空间分布模式具有一定的集聚特性,北部、中东部和南部高—高聚集,中西部和东南部低—低聚集;武陵山区生态质量具有明显的垂直分异特征,随着高程和坡度的增加先趋向好后趋向差,与气温和降水均主要表现为正相关关系;各自然因子对生态质量空间分布的解释力差异显著,其中气温是第一主导因素,双因子的交互作用均大于单一因子的作用;人为因子表现为土地利用变化,耕地向林地的转换是武陵山区生态质量整体提高的重要原因。

The ecological quality of Wuling Mountain Area(WMA)was assessed using the remote sensing-based ecological index(RSEI),integrating four indexes of greenness,wetness,heat,and dryness.This assessment relied on Google Earth Engine,a remote sensing computing cloud platform,and MODIS data.At the same time,Sen trend analysis,the spatial autocorrelation test,and the geodetector,among other spatial analytic tools,were utilized to jointly analyze the spatiotemporal changes and driving forces of ecological quality in this region from 2001 to 2020.The results show that the annual mean value of RSEI in WMA is 0.65,which is a favorable indicat-or of ecological quality.A pattern of"higher in the north,lower in the central-western and southeastern sections"can be seen in the spatial distribution of RSEI in WMA.Most ecological conditions are improving,and the trend toward spatial change is rising.The spatial distribution pattern has specific agglomeration characteristics,includ-ing high-high aggregation in the north,middle-east,and south and low-low aggregation in the central-western and southeast.The ecological quality of WMA has prominent vertical variation characteristics,with the increase of el-evation and slope,it tends to be better and then worse and is mainly positively correlated with temperature and precipitation.The explanatory power of each natural factor on the spatial distribution of ecological quality is signi-ficantly different,among which temperature is the first dominant factor,and the interaction of both factors is greater than that of a single factor.The anthropogenic factor shows land use change and the conversion of arable land to forest land is an important reason for the overall improvement of ecological quality in WMA.