团体干预对留守儿童心理弹性的促进作用

Promoting Effect of Group Intervention on the Psychological Resilience of Left-behind Children

留守儿童容易出现心理健康问题。心理弹性是儿童心理健康发展的关键因素。因此,通过一项持续3年的追踪研究考察团体干预对留守儿童心理弹性的促进作用。以河南省某农村中学的254名留守学生为被试,以青少年心理弹性量表为研究工具,对其在初一、初二和初三时分别进行了3次测试,考察他们心理弹性的发展水平,以验证干预效果。结果发现,通过干预,留守儿童在家庭支持和人际协助等心理弹维度上的发展趋势呈“U”型变化,在积极认知维度上呈直线上升趋势,而在情绪控制维度上则保持不变;留守儿童的心理弹性在性别以及是否为班干部上存在显著差异。因此,应该针对不同阶段、不同个体来促进初中生心理弹性的发展,关注差异。

As a vulnerable group,left-behind children are prone to mental health problems.Psychological resilience is a key factor in children's mental health development.Therefore,this study adopts group intervention on the psychological resilience of left-behind children,which was a follow-up study lasting three years.A total of 254 junior students from a rural middle school in Henan Province were selected as subjects,and the Resilience Scale for Chinese Adolescent(RSCA)was used to test the resilience development level of left-behind children,followed up by three consecutive times of tests over three years.The results show that the development trend of family support and interpersonal assistance dimension show a U-shaped change,and positive cognition dimension show a straight upward trend,while emotional control dimension remain unchanged.There are differences in the scores of left-behind children's resilience in terms of gender and whether they are class cadres.Therefore,we should promote the development of junior students'psychological resilience according to different age stages and individuals'needs,paying more attention to the differentiation.