社会高质量发展可以缓解青年劳动者失业焦虑吗?——来自中国社会状况综合调查的证据

Can High-quality Social Development Ease Unemployment Anxiety Among Young Workers?Evidence from China Social Survey

促进青年高质量就业是推动经济社会高质量发展的关键。现有研究主要关注客观层面的青年失业状况,较少讨论主观层面的失业焦虑问题。文章利用“中国社会状况综合调查”数据考察了青年劳动者失业焦虑的变化趋势,进而从社会质量视角探究治理失业焦虑问题的机制。研究发现如下:(1)与新冠疫情爆发前相比,青年劳动者在新冠疫情爆发后出现了更加强烈的失业焦虑情绪;(2)高质量社会可以通过降低青年劳动者的生活压力来缓解失业焦虑情绪;(3)高质量社会对抵御外部风险能力弱的青年劳动者的失业焦虑具有更强的抑制效应。建议推动社会高质量发展,发挥政府在基层社会中的治理效能,增强青年劳动者应对失业风险的能力,缓解其失业焦虑情绪。

Promoting high-quality youth employment is key to promoting high-quality economic and social development.Existing studies have mainly focused on the objective level of youth unemployment,but less on the subjective level of unemployment anxiety.The article examines the trend of young workers'unemployment anxiety using data from the China Social Survey(CSS),and then explores the mechanisms for managing unemployment anxiety from the social quality perspective.The findings of the study are as follows:(1)young workers'unemployment anxiety increased rapidly after the outbreak of the Covid-19 epidemic;(2)highquality society can alleviate unemployment anxiety by lowering the stress of life of young workers;(3)highquality society has a stronger inhibitory effect on the unemployment anxiety among young workers who are less able to withstand external risks.It is recommended that high-quality social development be promoted and that government governance at the grass-roots level be made effective in order to enhance the ability of young workers to cope with the risks of unemployment and to alleviate their anxiety about unemployment.