藏龙岛国家湿地公园鸟类多样性情况科学调查与分析

Scientific investigation and analysis of bird diversity in Canglong Island National Wetland Park

通过样线法、样点法及红外相机拍摄法等方法,对藏龙岛国家湿地公园的鸟类进行调查。共记录到鸟类14目37科77种,其中,雀形目的科数、属数和种数最多。湖岸生境物种数和总个体数均明显高于树木灌丛,优势度指数、多样性指数和均匀性指数也较高。按照类群划分,鸣禽居多;按照区系组成划分,东洋界和古北界鸟类为主;按照留居型划分,留鸟和夏候鸟为主;树木灌丛和湖岸生境鸟类多样性指数和均匀性指数从夏季到冬季均呈下降趋势。建议该地区构建更合理的植被生境;加强宣传,提高公民参与度;继续丰富湿地类型,满足不同种类鸟类的生存需求;持续开展鸟类调查,完善评价体系。

The birds in the Canglong Island National Wetland Park were investigated by the methods of line transect,point transect and infrared camera photography.The observation results showed that there were 77 species of birds belonging to 37 families of 14 orders,among which the number of Passeriformes was the largest.The number of species and total number of individuals in the lakeshore habitat were significant higher than those in the trees and shrubs,and the dominance index,diversity index and evenness index were also higher.According to the classification,songbirds were the majority.According to the floristic composition,Oriental and Palaearctic birds were dominant.The mainly resident type was resident birds and summer migratory birds.The bird diversity index and evenness index of tree,shrub and lakeshore habitats decreased significantly from summer to winter.It is suggested to construct more reasonable plant habitats in this area.Strengthen publicity,improve citizen participation.Continue to enrich wetland types to meet the survival needs of different species of birds,and continue to carry out bird surveys and improve the evaluation system.