数字时代药品犯罪的多元规制

Pluralistic Regulations of Drug Crimes in the Digital Age

药品犯罪的刑法规制是近年来刑法学界探讨的焦点话题,立足于数字时代背景下信息网络的深入发展给药品犯罪领域带来新挑战,针对药品的生产、销售、提供、使用行为需进行数字法治思维更新和实质化立场转变。从药品的生产端出发,生产行为的行政违法与刑法犯罪之界分存在混淆,应结合行刑衔接理论,对生产假药、劣药行为进行全法域完整规制和处罚衔接。从药品的销售端着手,新型销售行为的异化需要从实质角度进行认定。从药品的提供、使用端切入,针对网上问诊应对医师施加必要的注意义务,建立电子处方溯责制,坚持超药品使用说明书用药非面诊禁止原则,以规范信息网络平台提供、使用药品行为。

The criminal law system of drug crimes has been a focus of discussion in criminal law circles in recent years.Based on the new challenges brought to the field of drug crimes by the in-depth development of the information network in the context of the digital era,it is necessary to update the thinking on the digital rule of law and change the position of the digital rule of law with regard to the production,sale,provision and use of pharmacy.Starting from the production side of drugs,there is confusion between the administrative violation of the production act and the crime of the criminal law,so we should combine the theory of the connection of execution to regulate and punish the production of fake and substandard drugs in the whole legal domain.Starting from the sales side of drugs,the alienation of new sales acts needs to be identified from a substantive point of view.Starting from the provision and use side of drugs,physicians should impose the necessary duty of care for online consultation,establish a retroactive responsibility system for electronic prescriptions,and adhere to the principle of prohibiting non-face-to-face consultation for the use of drugs in excess of the drug instruction manual,in order to regulate the provision and use of drugs on information network platforms.