空气污染阻碍企业人力资本积累吗--基于研发人员的视角

Does Air Pollution Hinder Corporate Human Capital Accumulation:Research Based on R&D Staff

利用卫星数据反演县区级PM_(2.5)浓度以及企业层面研发人员数据,本文研究发现空气污染对企业人力资本具有显著的负面影响。异质性分析发现,空气污染对不同类型研发人员具有差异性影响,且该负面冲击在民营企业中更为明显。机制分析表明,空气污染对高学历者心理健康产生显著的负面影响。进一步研究发现,为缓解空气污染对人力资本的负面冲击,企业选择加大资本替代劳动的强度。此外,空气污染对企业业绩表现也具有负面影响。本文研究不仅揭示了环境治理影响企业高质量发展的微观机制,也为进一步完善生态环境保护、实现创新驱动发展提供了一定的参考。

Using satellite data to calculate PM2.s concentrations at the county level and firm-level R&D staff data,this paper finds that air pollution has a significant negative impact on firms human capital.Heterogeneity analysis shows that air pollution has differential effects on different types of R&D staff,and this negative impact is more pronounced in private firms.Mechanistic tests showed that air pollution had a significant negative impact on the mental health of highly educated worker.Further study found that to mitigate the negative impact of air pollution on human capital,firms choose to increase the intensity of capital substitution for labor.In addition,air pollution also has a significant negative impact on corporate performance.This study not only reveals the microscopic mechanism of environmental governance affecting the high-quality development of enterprises,but also provides some reference for further improving ecological environmental protection and achieving innovation-driven development.