油气企业面临的金融风险与管控

Oil and gas enterprises'financial risks and controls

油气企业在油气资本、价格、产品、企业价值和外部效应等五个方面正面临金融化的发展趋势,油气行业性质和企业国际化的经营特点决定了油气企业面临价格风险、汇率风险、利率风险和系统性金融风险,以及金融市场之间相互联动的风险。对此,油气企业应充分识别面临的风险及其影响,确定以风险容忍度为基准的风险管控目标,建立金融风险管控体系和授权体系,有效选取适当的金融工具进行风险管理操作,建立行之有效的金融风险管控路径。油气企业作为实体企业,应始终以套期保值、业务匹配、简单易行、止损坚决为基本原则开展金融风险管理,不以实现利润为目的进行交易,将降低金融市场波动对经营业绩产生的不利影响作为管控目标。

Oil and gas enterprises are facing the development trend of financialization in such five aspects as oil and gas capital,price,products,enterprise value,and their external effects.The characteristics of the oil and gas industry and the internationalization of the enterprise's operation have determined that oil and gas enterprises are facing price risk,exchange rate risk,interest rate risk and systemic financial risk,as well as the risk of interconnection between financial markets.In this regard,oil and gas enterprises should fully identify risks and impacts,determine risk control objectives based on their risk tolerance,establish a financial risk control system and authorization system,effectively select appropriate financial instruments for risk management operations,and build an effective financial risk control path.As industrial entities,oil and gas enterprises should always carry out financial risk management based on the basic principles of hedging,business matching,simplicity,and resolute stop-loss,not conduct transactions for the purpose of achieving profits,and take the reduction of the adverse impact of financial market fluctuations on business performance as their control objective.