1949年以来中国林业政策的主题演进及变迁逻辑

Thematic Evolution and Transition Logic of China’s Forestry Policy Since 1949

文中基于1949-2022年中共中央、国务院及其相关部门和国家立法机关颁布实施的公开政策文件,运用TextRank算法等文本挖掘方法,量化分析了不同时期中国林业政策主题词变化。研究发现,中国林业政策在“资源获取”“生态建设”“科研教育”3个方面发生了显著的政策主题变迁,政策工具中命令控制型工具的使用比例有所下降而激励型工具使用频次不断提高,反映了不同阶段的核心政策主题在差异中演进,以及政策理念从“政府引领探索”到“全民共同治理”、政策过程从重“事后控制”到平衡“事前-事中-事后控制”、政策工具由单一化向多元化发展的变迁逻辑。

Based on the policy documents public available,which have been issued and implemented by the CPC Central Committee,the State Council,relevant departments,and national legislative bodies,the paper uses the text mining methods including TextRank algorithm to quantitatively analyze the changes in the theme words of China's forestry policies in different periods.It is found that the theme words of“resource acquisition”,"ecological improvement"and“scientific research and education”in China's forestry policies have undergone significant changes;among the policy tools,the proportion of command-and-control tools has decreased while incentive tools have an increased proportion,which reflects the evolution of the core themes in different periods,as well as the transition logic of the policy concept from"government-led exploration"to"common governance by all people",the policy process from"beforehand control"to"the balance of beforehand control,process control and afterwards control"and policy tools from single to diversified in their development.