城乡老年人居家养老服务购买意愿及其影响因素分解

Purchase intention of home-based elderly care services among the elderly in urban and rural areas and its influencing factors decomposition

居家养老服务需求与老年人消费行为间存在着行动转化问题。基于2020年中国老年社会追踪调查数据,运用二元Logistic回归及夏普利值分解法,探究我国城乡老年人居家养老服务购买意愿及其影响因素。结果表明:城市老年人比农村老年人更愿意购买居家养老服务;低龄、高学历、个体需求强烈、资源条件丰富与具有多元养老责任认知的城乡老年人更有可能购买服务;社区资源是影响老年人服务购买意愿的最关键因素;老年人购买生活照料类服务的意愿最高,购买辅助就医类服务的意愿次之,购买信息咨询类服务的意愿最低。为进一步提振我国城乡老年人居家养老服务购买意愿,建议扩大居家养老服务资源的供给范围,推动社区嵌入式养老服务设施建设;改善老年群体的社会保障待遇水平,提高老年人居家养老服务购买能力;根据老年人差异化的养老服务需求,优化居家养老服务项目的供给结构。

There is a problem of action transformation between home-based elderly care service demand and consumption behavior of the elderly.Based on the 2020 China Longitudinal Aging Social Survey data,using binary logistic regression and Shapley value decomposition,the study explores the purchase intention of home-based elderly care services among the elderly in urban and rural areas and its influencing factors.The results indicate that the urban elderly in China are more willing to purchase home-based elderly care services compared to the rural elderly.The urban and rural elderly with young age,high education,strong individual demand,abundant resource conditions and diversified cognition of elderly care responsibility are more likely to purchase home-based elderly care services.Community resources are identified as the most crucial factor influencing the purchase intention of home-based elderly care services among the elderly in urban and rural areas.The intention of purchase life care services among the elderly is highest,followed by the intention of auxiliary medical services,and the intention of purchase information consulting services is lowest.To further boost the purchase intention of home-based elderly care services among the elderly in China,it is recommended to expand the supply range of such services and promote the construction of embedded elderly care service facilities in communities.At the same time,it is necessary to improve the level of social security benefits for the elderly and enhance their purchasing power for home-based elderly care services.In addition,the supply structure of home-based elderly care services can be optimized based on the differentiated elderly care service demands.