粉末锻造Al_(2)O_(3)颗粒增强Fe–Ni–Mo–C–Cu复合材料的组织与性能

Microstructure and properties of alumina ceramic particle reinforced Fe-Ni-Mo-C-Cu composites prepared by powder forging

通过粉末锻造技术制备了不同含量微米级Al_(2)O_(3)颗粒强化的Fe–Ni–Mo–C–Cu(Q61)复合材料,并对调质态和淬火态复合材料的组织和性能进行了研究。结果表明:当Al_(2)O_(3)质量分数为0.15%时,增强颗粒在基体内分布均匀;相较于同种状态下不添加增强颗粒的单一Q61,调质态复合材料的硬度从HRC 38增至HRC 39.8,屈服强度从1106 MPa增至1121 MPa,延伸率从12%降至6.5%;淬火态复合材料的硬度从HRC 61.5增至HRC 63.2,磨损率从5.27×10^(-6)mm^(3)·m^(-1)·N^(-1)降至3.08×10^(-6)mm^(3)·m^(-1)·N^(-1),低于对比试验用的典型齿轮材料40Cr的磨损率(3.34×10^(-6)mm^(3)·m^(-1)·N^(-1))。当Al_(2)O_(3)质量分数大于0.15%时,Al_(2)O_(3)颗粒逐渐偏聚,虽然调质态下复合材料屈服强度仍继续小幅增加,但塑性严重退化,且淬火态复合材料磨损率增加,耐磨性变差。综合来看,添加0.15%Al_(2)O_(3)颗粒强化Q61复合材料在调质态下具有较高的综合力学性能,而在淬火态下表现出良好的抗摩擦磨损能力。

The Fe–Ni–Mo–C–Cu(Q61)composites reinforced by Al_(2)O_(3) particles with different contents were prepared by powder forging.The microstructure and properties of the tempered and quenched Q61 composites were studied.The results show that,when the mass fraction of Al_(2)O_(3) is 0.15%,the Al_(2)O_(3) particles are distributed homogeneously in the matrix.Compared with the single Q61 without reinforced particles under the same state,the hardness and yield strength of the tempered composites are increased from HRC 38 and 1106 MPa to HRC 39.8 and 1121 MPa,respectively,while the elongation is decreased from 12%to 6.5%;the hardness of the quenched Q61 composites is enhanced from HRC 61.5 to HRC 63.2,and the wear rate is reduced from 5.27×10^(-6) mm^(3)·m^(-1)·N^(-1) to 3.08×10^(-6) mm^(3)·m^(-1)·N^(-1),lower than that of the typical 40Cr gear materials(3.34×10^(-6) mm^(3)·m^(-1)·N^(-1)).However,the Al_(2)O_(3) particles are aggregated gradually when the Al_(2)O_(3) addition content is more than 0.15%.Though the yield strength is still improved,the plasticity is reduced significantly for the tempered composites,and the wear rate is greatly increased for the quenched composites,showing the degraded wear resistance.In summary,the Q61 composites with 0.15%Al_(2)O_(3) particles show the higher comprehensive mechanical properties in the tempered state and the good wear resistance in the quenched states,respectively.