军民融合政策与企业劳动力需求——来自军民结合产业基地建设的证据

Civil-military Integration Policy and Enterprise Labor Demand——Evidence From the Construction of Military-civilian Industrial Bases

基于宏观、中观和微观层面阐释军民融合影响企业劳动力需求的原理及机制,并以2007—2021年沪深A股上市公司为样本,以国家级军民结合产业示范基地的实施作为外生政策冲击,运用多时期双重差分方法探析其对于企业劳动力需求的影响。研究发现:军民结合产业示范基地试点增加了企业劳动力需求,相对于对照组企业,处于军民结合产业示范基地的企业的劳动力需求提升了10.87%,并且这一结论经过一系列稳健性检验后依然成立;异质性分析发现政策对军工资源禀赋丰富的三线地区企业和国有企业劳动力需求的提升作用更为显著;进一步分析发现,政策提高了国企高学历和高技能人才数量,优化了企业内部的劳动力结构。本研究致力于挖掘军民融合对于企业劳动力需求的促进作用,具有较强的现实意义和理论价值,同时也为我国军民融合促进经济高质量发展提供经验支持。

Utilizing a sample of A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2007 to 2021,this paper examines the impact of the implementation of national civil-military integration industry demonstration bases,serving as an exogenous policy shock,on enterprise labor demand.Applying the multi-period double-difference method,the paper investigates the principles and mechanisms by which civil-military integration affects labor demand at macro,meso,and micro levels.The empirical analysis reveals a statistically significant increase in labor demand for enterprises located in the civil-military integration industry demonstration bases.Specifically,the labor demand of these enterprises exhibits a relative increase of 10.87%compared to the control group.These findings remain robust even after conducting a series of rigorous sensitivity tests.Additionally,the study uncovers that the policy interventions foster the recruitment of highly educated and skilled personnel within state-owned enterprises(SOEs)and contribute to optimizing the labor structure within enterprises.Overall,this research contributes to the understanding of the role of civil-military integration in stimulating enterprise labor demand,thereby offering valuable insights for policymakers and providing empirical support for China's pursuit of high-quality economic development through civil-military integration efforts.