《医学知识库》与美国建国初期黄热病医学知识的生产

Medical Repository and the Production of Yellow Fever Medical Knowledge in the Early Years of the United States

新航路的开辟和殖民战争加速了跨大西洋的人员和物质的交流,同时也导致黄热病的跨区域传播。美国医学界根据自身环境和气候,积极筛选、翻译、汇编大西洋世界医学作家的作品,依据新化学支撑黄热病病理的“本土论”,进而生产自主的黄热病医学知识。本文以《医学知识库》杂志为例,探讨其编辑整合各类资源,借助商人、领事、医学作家搭建的知识网络,打造一个医学知识交流的国际平台,抵制英国医学界的影响,追求美国医学知识的独立。

The Opening of New Route and colonial wars accelerated the transatlantic exchanges of people and materials,while at the same time leading to the cross-regional spread of yellow fever.According to its own environment and climate,the American medical community had actively screened,translated and compiled the works of medical writers from the Atlantic world,and further produced independent medical knowledge on yellow fever based on thee“native theory”supported by new chemistry.Taking Medical Repository as an example,this article explores the way its editors integrated various resources and created an international platform for the exchange of medical knowledge with the help of the knowledge network built by businessmen,consuls,and medical writers,resisting the influence of the British medical community and pursuing the independence of medical knowledge in the United States.