摘要
20世纪60年代,电视在美国的普及给人们带来了丰富的视听体验。与此同时,电视也引发了诸多社会问题,尤其是电视中暴力节目对儿童行为的负面影响。1972年至1982年,美国政府为获得电视节目管制权,以调查研究暴力节目影响儿童行为为契机,重新定义了电视、暴力节目和儿童行为的关系,并提出电视具有向社会成员传达思想、信息、情感和价值观等功能的社会化趋势。美国政府将掌控电视社会化的发展方向视为管制暴力节目影响儿童行为的关键。然而,美国政府中自由派和保守派因管制理念的不同而争辩不休。自由派主张宽松的管制措施,教导儿童辨别电视节目,从中获得有益的信息;保守派则主张严格的管制措施,维护美国的传统价值观。因当时美国政府由市场自由主义主导,自由派的管制理念得到采纳,但受保守派制约,只是形成了折衷的电视教育策略。美国政府在认知和争论的过程中塑造了儿童的政治和道德地位。
The popularity of television in the United States during the 1960s ushered in a rich audio-visual experience.However,it also brought about numerous social issues,particularly concerning the adverse effects of violent programming on children's behavior.From 1972 to 1982,the U.S.government seized the opportunity to investigate and study the influence of violent programs on children's behavior,aiming to gain control over television programming.This led to a redefinition of the relationship between television,violent content,and children's behavior,suggesting that television had a socializing tendency to convey thoughts,information,emotions,and values to society's members.Recognizing the importance of controlling the direction of television socialization to mitigate the impact of violent programming on children,the U.S.government engaged in debates over regulatory approaches.Liberals advocated for lenient regulation,focusing on educating children to discern television content and extract useful information from it,while conservatives pushed for stricter regulations to uphold traditional American values.Due to the prevailing market liberalism in the American government during that era,the liberal regulatory approach was adopted,albeit with constraints imposed by conservatives.This resulted in the formulation of a compromise TV education strategy.Throughout this process of perceptions and debates,the American government played a significant role in shaping the political and moral standing of children.
出处
《历史教学问题》
CSSCI
2024年第3期113-123,152,143,共13页
History Research And Teaching
