中国哲学“本义的价值”观念及其结构层次

The Concept of"Value of Original Meaning"in Chinese Philosophy and Its Structural Levels

中国哲学以人的存在实现为进路来建构其形上学系统,其所言价值,是一种“是”与“应当”本原一体意义上的价值,可称之为“本义的价值”。它包含三个层面的内涵:一是肯定事物自身的价值,二是人之自觉义的存在或价值实现,三是通过“成已以成物”的途径,达到与周围世界的一体相通,以实现物、我之本有的价值与意义。中国哲学在“天一人”而非“主一客”的架构中理解存在或价值的义涵,它关联于周围世界的原初方式,是情态性的感通,而非对象性的认知。此“天一人”架构中的心物或物我关系,以物之存在或价值的“自身性”为前提,表现出一种“自成”与“互成”的统一。中国哲学“本义的价值”观念,对于救治现代社会基于主体对客体单方面赋义而形成的价值观念和相对主义价值取向,具有重要的理论意义。

Chinese philosophy constructs its metaphysical system through the realization of Being,a value that unifies the principle of"affirmation"and"should,"which can be referred to as"value of the original meaning."This concept encompasses three connotative levels:affirmation of the inherent value of things;the existence or value realization of human consciousness and righteousness;and achievement of unity with the surrounding world based on the concept of"cultivating things through selfcultivation,"thus realizing the inherent value and meaning of both things and self.Chinese philosophy understands the significance of Being or value within the framework of"heaven and man"rather than"subject and object."It develops primitive relations with the surrounding world by means of modal understanding rather than objective cognition.The mind-object or object-self relationship within this"heaven and man"framework is premised on the"selfhoodness"of the existence or value of objects,demonstrating a unity of""self-cultivation"and"mutual cultivation."The concept of"value of original meaning"in Chinese philosophy has immense theoretical implications for addressing the values and relativistic values resulting from the subjects'unilateral imposition of meaning onto objects in modern society.