德川儒者对人心道心问题的阐释

The interpretation of human mind and moral mind by the Tokugawa Confucians

人心道心问题是东亚儒学中的重要问题,故而德川儒者大多注意到了该问题。从学派角度而言,朱子学派、阳明学派和古学派都对该问题有不同的诠释、理解和见解。从这些论述来看,德川儒者对人心道心问题的阐释呈现出如下特点:不成体系、非原创性和非独立性等。出现上述特点的可能原因在于:日本民族的思维特性(反形而上学)、道统自立愿望的影响、神道的存在以及日本朱子学没有形成明显优势。

The issue of human mind(ren xin人心)and moral mind(dao xin道心)is crucial in East Asian Confucianism,so most Tokugawa Confucian scholars have paid attention to this issue.From different schools'perspectives,the Zhuxi School,Yangming School,and Ancient School all have different interpretations,understandings,and insights on this issue.,As can be seen from these discussions,Tokugawa Confucians'interpretations of human mind and moral mind have the following features:non systematization,non originality,and non independence.The possible reasons for the above features are:the thinking characteristics of the Japanese nation(anti-metaphysics),the desire for orthodoxy and self-reliance,the existence of Shinto,and the lack of overwhelming advantages in Japanese Zhuxi studies.