质子交换膜燃料电池密封泄漏率计算与研究

Calculation and study of seal leakage rate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell

密封性能与质子交换膜燃料电池的工作效率和安全性密切相关。目前对燃料电池的研究难以通过定量计算氢气泄漏率来准确保障其密封性能。针对以上问题,提出了一种基于流体压力渗透的泄漏率计算方法。该方法在平行平板泄漏模型的基础上改进,引入平板缝隙高度参数;使用Greenwood-Williamson模型对微观接触面进行力学分析;通过有限元软件将流体压力渗透加载应用于介质加压过程,计算气体泄漏率。此外,还研究了压缩率、介质压力、温度以及表面形貌参数对泄漏率的影响。研究结果表明,在介质压力和表面形状标准差增大的条件下,气体泄漏率逐渐升高;提高压缩率和温度可以有效地减少泄漏。这些结果对于质子交换膜燃料电池的设计、制造、维护和评估具有重要意义。

The sealing performance is closely related to the working efficiency and safety of proton exchange membrane fuel cells.At present,it is difficult to accurately guarantee the sealing performance of fuel cells by quantitatively calculating the hydrogen leakage rate.In view of the above problems,a leakage rate calculation method was proposed based on fluid pressure permeation.On the basis of the parallel plate leakage model,the gap height parameter of the plate was introduced into the method.The mechanical analysis of microscopic interface surfaces was conducted by using the Greenwood-Williamson model.The fluid pressure permeation loading was applied into the media pressurization process by finite element software to calculate the gas leakage rate.In addition,the influence of compression ratio,medium pressure,temperature and surface topography parameters on the leakage rate was studied.The results show that the gas leakage rate gradually increases under the condition that the medium pressure and surface shape tolerance increase.Increasing the compression ratio and temperature can effectively reduce the leakage.These results have important implications for the design,manufacture,maintenance and evaluation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells.