无症状人群中项韧带钙化发生率调查

Investigation of incidence rate of nuchal ligament calcification in asymptomatic populations

目的:调查无症状人群中项韧带钙化发生率及影像学特点。方法:回顾性分析318名无症状志愿者临床和影像学资料,分析无症状人群中项韧带钙化发生率、形态分类及节段分布特点;根据有无项韧带钙化分为两组,分析两组间志愿者性别、年龄、体重指数(BMI)和下颈椎椎间参数之间差异,并基于Roussouly分型,比较各组间颈胸矢状位参数差异;最后分析项韧带钙化程度与上述因素之间相关性,找出影响项韧带钙化的危险因素。结果:318名无症状受试者中,项韧带钙化发生率为23.27%,项韧带钙化组男女性别比例、年龄、体重指数与无项韧带钙化组相比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。按形态将项韧带钙化分类,其中局灶型钙化50.0%、连续型钙化27.0%、节段型钙化7.0%、混合型钙化9.0%、未分型钙化7.0%,而各节段项韧带钙化发生率为C2/31.4%,C3/49.5%,C4/555.4%,C5/663.5%,C6/718.9%。对比下颈椎椎间参数,项韧带钙化组角位移(angular displacement,AD)、水平位移(horizontal displacemen,HD)较对照组显著增大(P<0.001)。基于Roussouly分型下比较各组间颈胸矢状位参数,发现上颈椎前凸角(O-C2)、颈椎矢状轴(C2-C7 SVA)和T1倾斜角(TS)存在显著统计学差异(P<0.05)。经Pearson相关性分析显示,项韧带钙化程度与AD、O-C2和C2-C7 SVA呈中度相关性,与HD、TS呈高度相关性。经多元Logistic分析发现,HD是项韧带钙化最重要的危险因素,其次是O-C2,还有年龄因素和AD。结论:无症状人群中年龄大、体重指数高的男性群体中项韧带钙化发生率较高。项韧带钙化人群中颈胸矢状位参数:O-C2、C2-C7 SVA和TS增大;下颈椎椎间参数:角位移(AD)和水平位移(HD)增大,且这些参数与项韧带钙化程度存在相关性。

Objectives:To investigate the imaging characteristics and incidence rate of nuchal ligament calcification in asymptomatic population.Methods:The clinical and imaging data of 318 asymptomatic volunteers were analyzed retrospectively,including the incidence,morphological classification,and segmental distribution of nuchal ligament calcification.The volunteers were divided into two groups based on the presence of nuchal ligament calcification,and differences in gender,age,body mass index(BMI),and lower cervical intervertebral parameters between the two groups were analyzed.Based on the Roussouly classification,differences in cervicothoracic parameters between the groups were analyzed.Finally,the correlation between the degree of nuchal ligament calcification and the aforementioned factors was studied to identify the risk factors for nuchal ligament calcification.Results:Among the 318 asymptomatic subjects,the incidence of nuchal ligament calcification was 23.27%.There were statistically significant differences in gender ratio,age,and BMI between the calcification of nuchal ligament group(ONL+)and non-calcification of nuchal ligament group(ONL-)(P<0.001).The calcification of nuchal ligament was classified morphologically as follows:Local calcification 50.0%,continuous calcification 27.0%,segmental calcification 7.0%,mixed calcification 9.0%and unclassified calcifica tion 7.0%.The incidence of nuchal ligament calcification in each segment was as follows:C2/31.4%,C3/49.5%,C4/555.4%,C5/663.5%,and C6/718.9%.Compared with the ONL-group,the angular displacement(AD)and horizontal displacement(HD)of the ONL+group were significantly increased(P<0.001).Based on the Roussouly classification,significant statistical differences in cervicothoracic parameters such as O-C2,C2-C7 SVA,and T1 slope(TS)were found between the ONL+group and the ONL-group(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the degree of nuchal ligament calcification had a moderate correlation with AD,O-C2,and C2-C7 SVA,and a strong correlation with HD and TS.Multivariate logistic analysis revealed that HD was the most significant risk factor for nuchal ligament calcification,followed by O-C2,age,and AD.Conclusions:The incidence of nuchal ligament calcification was higher in asymptomatic men who were older and had a high body mass index.Cervicothoracic parameters(O-C2,C2-C7 SVA and TS)and segmental parameters(AD,HD)were significantly increased in the group of nuchal ligament calcification,and were correlated with the degree of nuchal ligament calcification.