上海市臭虫侵害及处置情况调查分析

Investigation of infestation and disposal of bedbugs in Shanghai

【目的】了解上海市臭虫侵害及处置现状,为臭虫的科学、综合防控提供依据。【方法】对上海市健康促进协会的会员单位开展臭虫侵害及处置情况调查,调查内容包括单位基本信息、臭虫处置经历、发现臭虫的环境类型、主要处置部位、主要处理方法、主要施用药物及剂型、处置结束有无效果的评估等,并进行组间比较。【结果】在116家机构中有78家(67.24%)开展过臭虫处置,其中近3年有29.49%的机构处置臭虫不少于5次。臭虫侵害的主要环境类型为宿舍(46.96%)、宾馆(18.78%)和居民户(20.44%),养老院、监狱看守所、交通工具等均发现不同程度的臭虫侵害。臭虫侵害的主要部位为床架/床板/床垫(32.42%),其次为席子(棕梆)(19.63%)。药物喷洒为最常用的臭虫控制方法(98.72%),其次为高温蒸汽(11.54%)。药物喷洒使用的药剂主要为拟除虫菊酯类(69.23%)、烟碱类(60.26%)和有机磷类(42.31%);使用的剂型主要为悬浮剂(55.13%),其次为可湿性粉剂(43.59%)和乳油(43.59%)。89.74%的公司处置结束后开展控制效果评估,且控制效果满意。【结论】上海市臭虫侵害较为普遍,宿舍、宾馆和居民户等为臭虫侵害高发场所,床架、床板、床垫是易侵害部位。在处理臭虫时应综合使用物理和化学方法,提升臭虫防控效果。

[Objective]To investigate the infestation and disposal of bedbugs in Shanghai,and provide scientific evidence for comprehensive prevention and control of bedbugs.[Methods]A questionnaire survey was conducted in the pest control operations(PCOs)of Shanghai Association for Health Promotion to investigate the infestation and disposal of bedbugs.The questionnaire included basic information of the unit,bedbug disposal experience,type of environment of bedbug infestation,main disposal site,main treatment method,main drug and formulation,and evaluation of the disposal.Chi-square test was used for comparison between groups.[Results]Of the 116 PCOs,78(67.24%)had conducted bedbug disposal,and 29.49%had conducted the disposal no less than 5 times in the past three years.The main types of environment of bedbug infestation were dormitories(46.96%),hotels(18.78%),and households(20.44%).Additionally,bedbug infestation was found in nursing homes,prisons and detention centers,and transport vehicles.Bed frame/bed board/mattress(32.42%)was the main site of bedbug infestation,followed by mat(19.63%).Chemical spraying was the most common method for bedbug disposal(98.72%),followed by high-temperature steam(11.54%).The main drug used in chemical spraying were pyrethroids(69.23%),nicotinoids(60.26%)and organophosphorus(42.31%),for which the main formulation were suspended insecticides(55.13%),followed by wettable powders(43.59%)and emulsifiers(43.59%).Furthermore,89.74%of the PCOs performed the assessment after disposal,in which the control effect was generally satisfactory.[Conclusion]Bedbug infestation is relatively common in Shanghai.Dormitories,hotels and households are places where bedbug infestation is more likely to occur.Bed frame,bed board and mattress are the most vulnerable sites to bedbug infestation.Combination of physical and chemical methods should be used for disposal of bedbug infestation.