上海市某三甲医院数字化X线摄影成人受检者的入射体表剂量调查

Entrance surface dose of digital radiography adult examinees in a grade A tertiary hospital in Shanghai

【目的】对上海市某三甲医院数字化X线摄影(DR)成人受检者入射体表剂量(ESD)进行调查,分析该院DR成人受检者ESD水平,为建立DR的诊断参考水平(DRL)提供依据。【方法】在上海市某三甲医院抽取1台DR设备开展成人照射参数及剂量调查,随机选取15~39岁和40~69岁2个年龄段的DR受检者。调查部位为胸部正位(PA),胸部侧位(LAT)、腹部AP、骨盆AP、腰椎AP,腰椎LAT、胸椎AP、胸椎LAT,每种投照部位各调查20例。推算出各年龄段、各部位ESD和有效剂量。【结果】共调查320例受检者,不同投照部位受检者ESD的P75分别:胸部PA 0.19 mGy;胸部LAT 0.96 mGy;腹部AP 3.63 mGy;骨盆AP 3.16 mGy;腰椎AP 9.27 mGy;腰椎LAT 18.29 mGy;胸椎AP 6.85 mGy;胸椎LAT 13.40 mGy。【结论】不同投照部位、相同投照部位、相同部位不同投照方式估算的ESD和有效剂量差异均较大,且不同投照部位的受检者ESD差异有统计学意义;不同投照部位估算的典型值明显低于DRL。

[Objective]To investigate the entrance surface dose(ESD)of digital radiography(DR)adult examinees in a grade A tertiary hospital in Shanghai,to analyze the dose level of the DR adult examinees,and to provide data for the development of DR typical dose reference.[Methods]A DR equipment in the hospital was selected and the irradiation parameters and dose were determined in two randomly selected age groups(15‒39 years and 40‒69 years)of DR adult examinees.The examinations included chest PA,chest LAT,abdominal AP,pelvic AP,lumbar AP,lumbar LAT,thoracic AP,and thoracic LAT.The number of examinees in each exposure position was 20.ESD and effective dose were calculated for each age group and each position.[Results]A total of 320 examinees were investigated.The 75th percentiles of ESD in different exposure positions were as follows:chest PA 0.19 mGy;chest LAT 0.96 mGy;abdominal AP 3.63 mGy;pelvic AP 3.16 mGy;lumbar AP 9.27 mGy;lumbar LAT 18.29 mGy;thoracic AP 6.85 mGy;and thoracic LAT 13.40 mGy.[Conclusions]The differences between the estimated ESD and effective dose were large in different exposure positions、in the same exposure positions、and in the same positions with different exposure types,and there were statistically significant differences in ESD of examinees with different exposure positions.The estimated typical values of different exposure positions were apparently lower than the diagnostic reference level.