论新质生产力生成的微观机制:价值定位、活动重构与协调适配

Micro-Mechanism of New Quality Productive Forces Generation:Value Orientation,Activity Reconstruction and Coordination Adaptation

新质生产力正在成为推动经济高质量发展的重要着力点,企业作为微观经济主体和科技创新主体,如何向“新”而动,高“质”前行,是当前理论研究中亟须回答的问题。新质生产力更加强调原创性和颠覆性技术创新,这对企业在技术、组织和模式方面都提出了新要求。文章在文献综述的基础上,从价值定位、活动重构和协调适配三个维度分析新质生产力生成的微观机制,进而对高铁、工业互联网和钢铁产业的典型企业进行案例比较分析,得出三点结论:一是独特的价值定位是新质生产力生成的基本前提。在技术路线不明确的行业领域,企业家对独特价值定位的提出起着关键作用。二是价值定位引导一系列新活动涌现、选择和保留,活动重构是新质生产力生成的源动力。技术成熟度的差异会对企业活动重构的边界和主体间关系的稳定性产生不同影响。三是协调适配能力是新质生产力生产的关键组织能力。在不同情境下,协调适配通过技术供给端的推力和市场需求端的拉力平衡来产生作用。因此,国家在政策制定中,要考虑充分发挥企业家作用、激发创新活动持续涌现、促进多元互补活动发生。

New quality productive forces are becoming an important focus to promote high-quality economic development.As microeconomic entities and main bodies of scientific and technological innovation,how enterprises move towards“new”and move forward with high“quality”is an urgent problem to be answered in current theoretical research.New quality productive forces place greater emphasis on original and disruptive technological innovation,which pose new demands on enterprises in terms of technology,organization,and models.On the basis of literature review,this paper puts forward an analysis framework from three dimensions:value proposition,activity reconstruction and coordination and adaptation,and then makes a comparative analysis of typical enterprises in high-speed rail,industrial internet and steel industries.The research draws three conclusions:First,unique value orientation is the basic premise of the generation of new quality productive forces.In industries where the technology path is unclear,entrepreneurs play a key role in coming up with a unique value proposition.Second,value orientation leads a series of new activities to emerge,select and retain,and activity reconstruction is the source power of new quality produc-tive forces generation.The difference of technology maturity will have different effects on the boundary of enterprise activity recon-struction and the stability of inter-subject relationship.Third,the ability of coordination and adaptation is the key organizational ability of the production of new quality productive forces.In different situations,collaborative adaptation works by balancing the push on the technology supply side and the pull on the market demand side.According to the research conclusions,this paper draws policy implications for giving full play to the role of entrepreneurs,stimulating the continuous emergence of innovative ac-tivities,and promoting the occurrence of multiple complementary activities.