认知叙述学中不确定元素之商榷

Controversy over Cognitive Narratology

作为一种跨学科的方法,认知叙述学融合了认知科学和叙述理论,致力于探讨叙事与思维或心理之间的关系,试图解释文学作品中的叙述元素是如何理解、处理和影响人类认知的。然而,由于认知固有的个体化、主观性和不确定性特征,认知叙述学无法成为一种具有普适性的理论。通过对认知叙述学的几个基本概念——“故事世界”“脚本”“体验性”“感受质”批判性地审视,不难发现认知叙述学依然面临一些不发达领域,并存在一些潜在的问题。因此,认知叙述学的理论假设、论证过程和研究发现是否具有有效性和科学性,是需要进一步考察和验证的。

As an interdisciplinary approach,cognitive narratology integrates cognitive science with narrative theory,focus-ing on the relationship between narrative and thinking or psychology,attempting to explain how narrative elements in literary works are comprehended,processed,and affect human cognition.However,due to the inherently individualized,subjective,and uncertain nature of cognition itself,cognitive narratology cannot become a universally applicable theory.By critically examin-ing the fundamental concepts of cognitive narratology such as“storyworld”,“scripts”,“experientiality”and“qualia”,it be-comes clear that cognitive narratology still faces some underdeveloped areas and potential issues.Therefore,the validity and sci-entific nature of the theoretical assumptions,argumentation processes,and research findings in cognitive narratology require fur-ther investigation and verification.