西北黄土高原葡萄产区积雨节氮面源污染防控技术

Prevention and control techniques for non-point source pollution caused by accumulated rainfall and nitrogen conservation in grape producing areas on the Northwest Loess Plateau

西北黄土高原地表水资源贫乏,制约着葡萄产业的高质量可持续发展,氮肥过度施用,导致农业面源污染风险突出。为此,文章分析了西北黄土高原葡萄产区降雨和施肥的现状,并依据产区氮沉降情况,研发集成了西北黄土高原葡萄产区积雨节氮面源污染防控技术。3年相关数据分析结果表明,该技术3年累计可节水73430m^(3),累计减少尿素施用量130.5~1434.6kg,可显著减少因氮肥过量施用引起的面源污染风险,减少葡萄园生产成本。该技术在节水节氮、农业面源污染防控方面效果明显,可在整个西北黄土高原区推广应用。

The scarcity of surface water resources on the Northwest Loess Plateau is constraining the high-quality and sustainable development of the grape industry.The excessive use of nitrogen fertilizer poses a risk of agricultural non-point source pollution.To explore the contradiction between water scarcity,non-point source pollution,and high-quality and sustainable development of the grape industry in the Northwest Loess Plateau,this paper analyzed the current situation of rainfall and fertilization in grape producing areas of the Northwest Loess Plateau.Based on nitrogen deposition data in the production areas,it is proposed to implement prevention and control techniques for non-point source pollution caused by accumulated rainfall and nitrogen conservation in grape producing areas of the Northwest Loess Plateau.Through analysis of relevant data over the past three years,it is known that the technology can save 73430 m^(3) of water cumulatively in three years,accumulated reduction of 130.5~1434.6kg of urea significantly reduces non-point source pollution caused by excessive nitrogen fertilizer application and reduces vineyard production costs.This technology has significant effects in water and nitrogen conservation,as well as agricultural non-point source pollution prevention and control.It can be promoted and applied throughout the Northwest Loess Plateau region.