丽江纳西族汉语方言音系及音韵特点

The Phonological System and Phonological Characteristics of Naxi Nationality Chinese Dialect in Lijiang

丽江纳西族汉语方言,既受到民族语的影响,又受到周边汉语方言、普通话的影响,从而形成了自己的鲜明特点,这在语音方面尤为突出。在田野调查的基础上,归纳出丽江纳西族汉语方言的音系及其音韵特点。丽江纳西族汉语方言有24个声母,它的主要特点是:古全浊声母清化,尖团不分,具有[ts、tsʰ、s、z]和[tʂ、tʂʰ、ʂ、ʐ]两套声母等。有31个韵母,它的主要特点是:韵尾简化,韵头简化,以及具体韵摄的分合等。有阴平、阳平、去声、入声4个声调,它的主要特点是:古平声字按照声母的清浊今演变为阴平和阳平,清声母、次浊声母上声字与阴平合流,全浊声母上声字今读去声,古入声字今自成一个调类。

The Chinese dialect of the Naxi nationality in Lijiang is influenced by both the national language and surrounding Chinese dialects,as well as Mandarin,forming its own unique characteristics,particularly in terms of pronunciation.Based on field investigations,the phonology of the Naxi nationality Chinese dialect in Lijiang was summarized and its phonological characteristics were analyzed.There are 24 initials and its main characteristics are:the ancient voiced initials have become unvoiced,there is no distinction between Jian Yin and Tuan Yin,and there are two sets of initials[ts、tsʰ、s、z]and[tʂ、tʂʰ、ʂ、ʐ].There are 31 finals and its main characteristics are:simplification of tail vowels,simplification of the head vowels,and the division and combination of the specific rhyme groups.There are 4 tones and its main characteristics are:the ancient characters of Pingsheng have evolved into Yinping and Yangping,the voiced initials characters of Shangsheng are pronounced as Qusheng and the other characters Shangsheng are pronounced as Yinping,the ancient Characters Of Rusheng is a tone class.