传统识字教材的继承和发展

Inheritance and Development of Traditional Literacy Teaching Materials

中国自西周时期便出现了专门用于识字教学的字书,在几千年的历史流变中,识字教材在延续传统的同时,不断融入新的元素,形成了独特的发展脉络。传统识字教材契合了集中识字的教学模式,大多采用韵语形式,识字教育关联知识教育和思想教育,推动了汉字在不同社会领域的传播和普及。其中,作为主流教材的“三百千”与杂字类教材相互补充,共同满足了精英阶层与大众阶层的识字需求。晚清时期,中西方文化发生了激烈的碰撞与交融,识字教材的编写顺应历史发展潮流,着力创新编写理念、更新知识结构、建构学科逻辑,切实提升了识字教材的知识性、科学性、人文性、趣味性,推动了识字教材从传统到现代的转型。

Since the Western Zhou dynasty,there have been character books dedicated to literacy teaching in China,and in the course of thousands of years of historical changes,literacy textbooks have continued to integrate new elements while continuing the tradition,forming a unique development context.Traditional literacy textbooks are in line with the teaching mode of centralized literacy,most of which are in the form of rhyme,and literacy education is related to knowledge education and ideological education,which promotes the dissemination and popularization of Chinese characters in different social fields.Among them,the“SanBaiQian(三百千)”as the mainstream textbook and the Tsa-tzu books complement each other to meet the literacy needs of the elite and the general class.In the late Qing dynasty,there was a fierce collision and integration of Chinese and Western cultures,and the compilation of literacy textbooks conformed to the trend of historical development,focusing on innovating the compilation concept,updating the knowledge structure,and constructing the logic of the discipline,which effectively improved the knowledge,science,humanity and interest of literacy textbooks,and promoted the transformation of literacy textbooks from traditional to modern.