莫迪政府第二任期以来印度的中国研究述评

A Review of China Studies in India since the Second Term of the Modi Government

2019年印度人民党再次赢得全国大选胜利,莫迪连任印度总理。莫迪政府进入第二任期后,印度更加重视中印关系研究,其国内的中国问题研究机构地位抬升,中国问题研究涉及的领域进一步拓宽,涵盖政治、经济、外交、军事、文化等多个方面。因为边界纠纷、贸易失衡等问题直接影响到中印关系发展,目前印度的中国问题研究十分关注边境安全、中印巴关系、印度对华巨额贸易逆差、中国外交战略取向等议题。同时,为更深层次了解中国对外政策背后的内在逻辑,有汉语学习背景的新生代印度学者围绕中国外交战略取向、中国共产党的组织架构、中国政治文化等产出了一系列高质量成果。近年来在印度政府和主流报刊媒体重点关注中国事务的背景下,印度中国问题研究的特点更加鲜明,呈现出研究议题务实、重要研究机构高度聚焦中国议题项目、印裔美国人塑造印度中国问题研究方向上作用显著等特点。从当前印度中国问题研究发展趋势来看,研究机构在区位分布上正由德里、孟买等中心城市向周边地区辐射,研究队伍也不断扩大、老中青三代学者结构更趋平衡,研究方法上从跨学科、新兴学科角度研究中国问题成为主流。

In 2019,the Bharatiya Janata Party(BJP)won the national elections in India again,securing Narendra Modi’s re-election as Prime Minister.Following Modi’s second term,India has placed increased emphasis on studies of China-Indian relations.The status of domestic research institutions focusing on China has been elevated and the scope of research on China studies has expanded to encompass various fields including politics,economics,diplomacy,military affairs and culture.Because of border disputes,trade imbalances directly affect on China-India relations,India’s current research on China issues focus on border security,China-India-Pakistan relations,trade deficit,and China’s Foreign Policy.Meanwhile,to gain a deeper understanding of the underlying logic behind China’s foreign policy,a new generation of India young scholars with backgrounds in Chinese language studies have produced a series of high-quality works focusing on China’s diplomatic strategies,the organizational structure of the Communist Party of China,and China’s political culture.In recent years,with the Indian government and mainstream media paying particular attention to Chinese affairs,the characteristics of China studies in India have become more distinct,presenting practical research topics,with prominent research institutions focusing intensively on Chinese issues,and significant contributions from Indian-American scholars shaping the direction of China studies in India.From the current trends in China studies in India,research institutions focusing on China are expanding beyond major cities like Delhi and Mumbai to surrounding regions,with research teams continually growing and achieving a more balanced representation across different generations of scholars.Interdisciplinary and emerging disciplines are becoming mainstream approaches in China Studies.