湖南江华涔天河国家湿地公园中华秋沙鸭越冬种群监测

Monitoring of Overwintering Population of Mergus squamatu in Tianhe National Wetland Park,Jianghua,Hunan Province

2021年12月至2022年3月和2022年12月至2023年3月对湖南江华涔天河国家湿地公园中华秋沙鸭越冬种群进行了调查。结果发现,23只中华秋沙鸭在湿地公园蒋家洲附近越冬,越冬时间约100 d。中华秋沙鸭主要栖息于河道开阔且附近有沙洲存在的生境中,越冬期的主要行为是游水和取食。捕鱼、人类采砂活动、车辆来往和村广播是目前影响种群生存的主要胁迫因素。为了更好地保护中华秋沙鸭越冬种群和栖息地环境,建议关停河道上的采砂场,禁止非法捕鱼,降低人类活动干扰程度,加强对中华秋沙鸭的保护宣传及科普宣教工作。

The overwintering population of Mergus squamatus in Tianhe National Wetland Park,Jianghua,Hunan Province was investigated from December 2021 to March 2022 and from December 2022 to March 2023.The results showed that 23 Mergus squamatus overwintered near Jiangjiazhou in Wetland Park for about 100 days.Mergus squamatus mainly inhabit habitats with open river courses and nearby sand bars,and the main behaviors during the overwintering period are swimming and feeding.Fishing,human sand collecting activities,vehicle traffic and village broadcasting are the main stressors affecting population survival.In order to better protect the overwintering population and habitat environment of Mergus squamatus,it is recommended to shut down the sand stope on the river channel,prohibit illegal fishing,reduce the degree of interference of human activities,and strengthen the protection publicity and popular science education of Mergus squamatus.