中空介孔二氧化硅负载戊唑醇纳米缓释颗粒的制备及生物活性

Preparation and biological activity of hollow mesoporous silica loaded tebuconazole nano sustained release granules

本研究以中空介孔纳米二氧化硅(hollow mesoporous nano silica, HMS)为载体负载戊唑醇(tebuconazole, Teb),制备了戊唑醇@中空介孔纳米二氧化硅(Teb@HMS)缓释颗粒。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)、比表面积分析仪(BET)及热重分析仪(TGA)等仪器对其形貌、结构与性能进行了表征。通过高效液相色谱(HPLC)分析研究了戊唑醇在缓释颗粒中的释放行为。通过菌丝生长速率法、盆栽试验和田间防效试验测定了Teb@HMS缓释颗粒对立枯丝核菌的抑制活性及对水稻纹枯病的防治效果。通过水稻种子发芽试验和斑马鱼试验对Teb@HMS的安全性进行了评价。结果表明:所制备的纳米二氧化硅载药粒子呈规整的中空介孔结构,对戊唑醇的载药率为52.02%,缓释时间长达400 h;Teb@HMS缓释颗粒降低了戊唑醇对非靶标生物水稻种子及斑马鱼的毒性,抑菌活性明显优于戊唑醇原药;盆栽和田间试验结果显示,施药后第18天Teb@HMS针对水稻纹枯病的保护作用防效分别达61.79%和70.42%。该研究可为中空介孔纳米二氧化硅缓释颗粒在农药减量化和植物病害绿色可持续防控方面提供技术支撑和理论指导。

In this study,tebuconazole@hollow mesoporous nano silica(Teb@HMS)sustained release granules were prepared. The morphology, structure, and properties were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), specific surface area analyzer (BET), thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), and other instruments. The release behavior of tebuconazole in sustained-release granules was investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The inhibitory activity of Teb@HMS on Rhizoctonia solani was determined by mycelial growth inhibition, potted experiments, and field control efficacy experiments . The safety of Teb@HMS was evaluated through rice seed germination experiments and zebrafish experiments. It was shown that the prepared drug-loaded nanosilica particles exhibited a regular hollow mesoporous structure. The drug loading rate for tebuconazole was 52.02% and the sustained release time was up to 400 hours. Meanwhile, Teb@HMS reduced the toxicity of tebuconazole to non-target rice seeds and zebrafish. The antifungal activity of Teb@HMS was significantly better than the positive control tebuconazole. On the 18th day of pot and field trails, Teb@HMS protection efficacy reached 61.79% and 70.42%, respectively. This study provides technical support and theoretical guidance for the application of hollow mesoporous nano silica sustained-release granules in pesticide reduction and green and sustainable prevention and control of plant diseases.