山东晚熟苹果品质分析与综合评价

Quality Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Late Ripening Apples in Shandong

以2023年11月山东省蒙阴县采摘的8个苹果品种为试材,采用多种基本品质测定和综合评价的方法,研究了果实单果质量、横径、纵径等12个基本品质特征,以期筛选出综合品质较优的苹果品种,进而为该地区苹果产业的发展提供参考依据。结果表明:8个苹果品种在部分基本品质和色差品质之间存在显著差异。相关性分析结果表明,各苹果的基本品质和色差品质存在较明显的相关性。单果质量、横径、纵径、水分、可食用率和色差b指标呈显著正相关,说明这几个的高指标更可能表现在同一个品种上,“维纳斯黄金”品种较高可能同时具备这几个高指标。主成分分析和综合评价结果表明,在基本品质上,排名靠前品种分别是“寒富”“红星”“烟富8”;在色泽品质上,排名靠前的品种分别是“烟富8”“红国光”“瑞士红肉”。

Taking 8apple varieties harvested in Mengyin county,Shandong Province in November 2023 as experimental materials,various measurement and evaluation methods were used to investigate 12fundamental quality characteristics including single fruit quality,transverse diameter,and longitudinal diameter,in order to identify apple varieties with superior comprehensive quality and provide reference for the local apple industry′s development.The results showed that the findings revealed significant variations in certain basic qualities and color differences among the 8apple varieties.Correlation analysis demonstrated a clear relationship between each apple′s basic quality and color difference quality.Notably,single fruit quality,transverse diameter,longitudinal diameter,moisture content,edible rate,and color difference bindex exhibited strong positive correlations.This suggests that these high indexes were more likely to be present simultaneously within the same variety;thus higher‘Weinasihuangjin’varieties might possess these high indexes concurrently.Principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation results indicated that‘Hanfu’‘Hongxing’,and‘Yanfu8’were the top-ranked varieties based on their fundamental qualities while‘Yanfu8’‘Hongguoguang’,and‘Ruishihongrou’excelled in terms of color quality.