基于主成分分析综合评价不同采收期五味子果实品质

Comprehensive Evaluation of Fruit Quality of Schisandra chinensis at Different Harvesting Periods Based on Principal Component Analysis

以9个采收期的五味子果实为试材,采用主成分分析及相关性分析的方法,研究了不同采收期对五味子果实外观品质、营养物质及抗氧化活性的影响,以期为五味子今后的品种选育及加工利用提供参考依据。结果表明:随着采收期的推移五味子果实的横、纵径及果质量呈逐渐上升的趋势,其他各项指标表现有不同程度的差异,但总体呈现先上升后下降、成熟期再上升的趋势。通过相关性分析发现日期与总糖含量、总抗氧化能力、超氧阴离子清除率、果实横、纵径及果质量呈极显著正相关,与总还原力呈显著正相关,与总酚含量及DPPH自由基清除率呈极显著负相关。通过主成分分析对各采收期进行综合评价排名发现9月13日的五味子果实综合品质最佳。综上,确定9月中旬为最佳采收期,该时期五味子外观果型较大、种子占比大、成熟度高、果实各项指标均有较好的表现。

The Schisandra chinensis from 9harvesting periods were used as experimental materials,effects of different harvesting periods on fruit appearance quality,nutrients and antioxidant activity of Schisandra chinensis were studied by principal component analysis and correlation analysis,in order to provide reference for breeding,processing and utilization of Schisandra chinensis varieties in the future.The results showed that the transverse diameter,longitudinal diameter and fruit weight of Schisandra chinensis increased gradually with the passage of harvesting period,and the other indicators showed different degrees of differences,but the overall trend was first increased and then decreased,and then increased at maturity.Correlation analysis showed that date was positively correlated with total sugar content,total antioxidant capacity,superoxide anion clearance rate,transverse and longitudinal diameter of fruit and fruit weight,positively correlated with total reducing power,negatively correlated with total phenol content and DPPH·clearance rate.Through principal component analysis,the comprehensive evaluation ranking of each picking period found that the comprehensive quality of Schisandra chinensis fruit on September 13^(th) was the best.According to the above indexes,the middle of September was determined as the best harvest period,and the appearance of Schisandra chinensis was large,the proportion of seeds was large,the maturity was high,and the fruit indexes had better performance.