欧美碳减排法案对我国产业发展影响及应对措施

The Impact of European and American Carbon Reduction Acts on China's Industry Development and Countermeasures

全球气候问题日益严峻,应对气候变化成为全球治理与国际合作最重要的议题之一,欧盟和美国作为全球气候治理的重要国际参与方,其气候政策倾向对全球有着重要影响。欧盟出台的《欧盟碳边境调节机制》《欧盟电池与废电池法》与美国拜登政府签署的《通胀削减法案》,将气候问题与产业及贸易政策关联,给国际贸易形势带来潜在的冲击。本文通过对欧美碳减排法案的梳理和分析,综合研判了其对我国产业发展短期及中长期的影响,并从加快健全我国碳市场、推动企业节能降碳、构建完善的产品碳足迹管理体系、增强绿色低碳产业链与市场韧性等方面,提出应对措施。

The global climate issue is becoming increasingly serious,and addressing the climate change has become one of the most important topics in global governance and international cooperation.Since the European Union and the United States are important international participants in global climate governance,their climate policy inclination has an important impact on the global response to climate change.The EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism,the EU's Battery and Waste Battery Regulation and the Inflation Reduction Act signed by the Biden administration in the United States have linked climate issues with national industrial and trade policies,potentially causing serious impacts on the international trade situation.Based on the analysis of the background,purpose and content of the European and American carbon emission reduction acts,this paper comprehensively evaluates their short-term,and medium-term to long-term impacts on China's industry,and proposes some countermeasures from the aspects of accelerating the improvement of China's carbon market,promoting enterprises'energy conservation and carbon reduction,building a sound product carbon footprint management system,and enhancing the green and low-carbon industrial chain and market resilience.