224名耳鸣体检者状况调查分析

nvestigation of 224 patient s with tinnitus

目的分析耳鸣体检者的临床特征。方法自3819名体检者中选取伴有持续5min以上耳鸣的224例,调查高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症既往史,测量身高、体重,对高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症、肥胖发生率采用卡检验、分层卡方检验,分析耳鸣体检者的临床特征。结果3819名体检者中伴有持续5min以上耳鸣的224例,耳鸣检出率5.87%,男性178例(78.46%)、女性46例(20.54%),男性女性对比(χ^(2)=155.571,P=0.000);20-29岁耳鸣检出率2.38%最低,70-79岁耳鸣检出率12.50%最高,耳鸣检出率随着年龄的增长而提升,20-29岁与70-79岁耳鸣检出率对比(χ^(2)=5.375,P=0.020);224名伴耳鸣体检人群高血压发生率为29.9%,糖尿病发生率15.6%,高脂血症85.7%,肥胖21.9%。不同性别高血压发生率比较(χ^(2)=4.328,P=0.037)。采用分层卡方检验,不同性别高血压发生率比较(χ^(2)MH=2.900,P=0.089);不同性别糖尿病发生率比较(χ^(2)MH=1.000,P=0.317);不同性别高脂血症发生率比较(χ^(2)MH=1.633,P=0.201);不同性别肥胖发生率比较(χ^(2)MH=1.772,P=0.183);耳鸣的独立影响因素为男性、年龄、高血压、高脂血症、超重、糖尿病;肾功能减退、贫血和耳鸣相关性不大。结论耳鸣体检人群高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症、肥胖发生率明显高于正常人群。男性高血压发生率高于女性。去除年龄因素后,不同性别耳鸣体检者高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症、肥胖发生率差别无统计学意义。年龄和男性可能是耳鸣的全身性相关因素。

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of tinnitus patients undergoing physical examination.Methods A total of 224 patients with tinnitus that lasted for more than 5 minutes were selected from 3819 physical examination subjects.The past history of hypertension,diabetes and hyperlipidemia was investigated,and the height and weight were measured.The incidence of hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia and obesity were analyzed by card test and layer chi-square test.Results Among 3819 subjects,there were 224 cases with tinnitus lasting more than 5 minutes,and the detection rate of tinnitus was 5.87%,178 males(78.46%)and 46 females(20.54%).The comparison between males and females wasχ^(2)=155.571,P=0.000.The detection rate of tinnitus between 20-29 years old was 2.38%,and the detection rate between 70-79 years old was 12.50%,and the detection rate increased with the increase of age.The detection rate of tinnitus between 20-29 years old and 70-79 years old was compared(χ^(2)=5.375,P=0.020).Among 224 people with tinnitus,the incidence of hypertension was 29.9%,diabetes 15.6%,hyperlipidemia 85.7%and obesity 21.9%.The incidence of hypertension in different genders was compared(χ^(2)=4.328,P=0.037).Stratified Chi-square test was used to compare the incidence of hypertension in different genders(χ^(2)MH=2.900,P=0.089).The incidence of diabetes mellitus in different genders was compared(χ^(2)MH=1.000,P=0.317).The incidence of hyperlipidemia of different genders was compared(χ^(2)MH=1.633,P=0.201).The incidence of obesity in different genders was compared(χ^(2)MH=1.772,P=0.183).The independent influencing factors of tinnitus were male,age,hypertension,hyperlipidemia,overweight and diabetes.There was little correlation between renal dysfunction,anemia and tinnitus.Conclusion The incidence of hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia and obesity in tinnitus population is significantly higher than that in normal population.The incidence of hypertension is higher in men than in women.After removing the age factor,there was no significant difference in the incidence of hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia and obesity among different genders.Age and masculinity may be systemic related factors for tinnitus.