软骨修复术后软骨下骨囊肿的研究进展

Research progress of subchondral bone cyst after cartilage repair

软骨修复术后软骨下骨囊肿指在软骨缺损修复部位附近的软骨下骨内出现的、可能与关节腔连通的异常空洞。其发生可能与外部高液压、异常应力下的骨挫伤、内部炎症和血供不足等因素有关,且与骨髓水肿密切关联。软骨下骨囊肿可出现于多种关节软骨修复术后,如骨髓刺激、自体或异体骨软骨移植、自体软骨细胞移植等,对软骨修复进程、质量和结局有重要影响。软骨下骨囊肿因此,逐渐成为评估软骨修复效果的参考指标之一。本文对不同软骨修复术后软骨下骨囊肿的发生、发展机制和病理结构等研究进行综述,探讨应用软骨下骨囊肿评估软骨修复效果的临床意义和潜力,提高对软骨修复术后骨囊肿的认识,期望为不同软骨修复术后软骨下骨囊肿的预防和治疗提供依据。

Subchondral bone cysts after cartilage repair are abnormal cavities that develop near the site of repaired cartilage defects and may communicate with the joint cavity.Research indicates that they may be associated with factors such as elevated external hydraulic pressure,bone bruising due to abnormal stress,internal inflammation,and inadequate blood supply.These cysts are closely linked to bone marrow edema.It has been observed that cysts following cartilage repair frequently occur after various procedures,including bone marrow stimulation,autologous or allogeneic osteochondral transplantation,and autologous chondrocyte transplantation.They represent a significant pathological change post-cartilage repair,influencing the process,quality,and outcome of the repair.Consequently,they have become an important parameter for evaluating the effectiveness of cartilage repair.This article provides a review of studies on the occurrence,development mechanisms,and pathological structures of subchondral bone cysts after cartilage repair using different techniques.It explores the clinical implications and potential of utilizing these cysts to assess the success of cartilage repair,enhancing understanding in this field.Such insights are expected to lay a foundation for the prevention and treatment of subchondral bone cysts following various cartilage repair procedures.