4Williams. R. Keywards. New York: Oxford University Press ,1983 , pp.197 - 198.
5Heidegger, M. Introduction to Matephysics. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press,2001,p1.
6de Saussure,Ferdinand.Course in General Linguistics, New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1986,p.67.
7Babcok, B. Too Many, Too Few: Ritual Modes of Signification. Semiotica, 1978,23: 291-302.
8Kirshenblatt-Gimblett, B. (ed.) Destination Culture: Tourism, Musewns, and Heritage. Berkeley:University of California Press, 1998, pp. 30 - 34、31 、 19、 17.
9Hufford, M. (ed.) Conserving Culture. A New Discourse on Heritage. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 1994, p.5.