上海市浦东新区接种新型冠状病毒疫苗人群的接种犹豫态度及其影响因素分析

Analysis on vaccination hesitant attitude and influencing factors of the population vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccine in Pudong new area,Shanghai city

目的了解上海市浦东新区接种新型冠状病毒(以下简称新冠)疫苗人群的接种犹豫现状及其影响因素,为相关部门制定新冠疫苗接种计划和实施措施提供科学依据。方法2022年4-6月以上海市浦东新区南、北两区域各一家社区卫生服务中心接种新冠疫苗的人群为调查对象,采用系统抽样原则,通过自行设计的问卷对居民进行调查,内容包括基本人口学特征、健康认知与行为方式、接种疫苗的态度及对新冠疫苗的相关担心。采用多元logistic回归分析接种新冠疫苗犹豫态度的影响因素。结果共发放问卷2579份,回收有效问卷2570份,有效率99.92%。对接种新冠肺炎疫苗,只有1.01%(26/2570)的群体非常犹豫,7%(180/2570)的群体比较犹豫,26.15%(672/2570)的群体一般犹豫,31.40%(807/2570)的群体不太犹豫,34.44%(885/2570)的群体完全不犹豫。logistic回归发现,年龄(OR=1.012,95%CI:1.001~1.024,P<0.05)、户籍(OR=1.332,95%CI:1.075~1.651,P<0.001)、家庭环境(OR=0.780,95%CI:0.661~0.918,P<0.05)、戴口罩习惯(一直戴:OR=18.154,95%CI:4.566~72.182,P<0.001)、是否患有慢性病(OR=0.476,95%CI:0.404~0.562,P<0.001)、居住地疫情风险等级(OR=1.512,95%CI:1.017~2.247,P<0.05)、担心疫苗保护期短(OR=0.729,95%CI:0.646~0.822,P<0.001)是接种新冠疫苗犹豫态度的主要影响因素。结论上海市浦东新区接种新冠疫苗人群犹豫程度低,自愿前来接种的意愿高;担心疫苗保护期短是新冠疫苗接种态度的影响因素。

Objective To understand the current status of vaccination hesitancy of the population vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccine and its influencing factors in Pudong new area,Shanghai city,so as to provide a scientific basis for the relevant departments to formulate the vaccination programme of COVID-19 vaccine and the implementation measures.Methods From April 2021 to June 2021,the population vaccinated with COVID-19 vaccine in a community health service center in the south and north of Pudong new area were selected as the survey objects.The residents were investigated through a self-designed questionnaire based on the principle of systematic sampling,including basic demographic characteristics,health cognition and behavior,vaccination attitude and concerns about the COVID-19 vaccine.Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of hesitant attitude towards vaccination.Results A total of 2579 questionnaires were distributed,and 2570 valid questionnaires were collected,with an effective rate of 99.92%.For the attitude of inoculating COVID-19 vaccine,the percentage of subjects with very hesitant was only 1.01%(26/2570),7%(180/2570)was hesitant,26.15%(672/2570)was generally hesitant,31.40%(807/2570)was not hesitant,34.44%(885/2570)was not hesitant at all.Logistic regression revealed that age(OR=1.012,95%CI:1.001-1.024,P<0.05),registered residence(OR=1.332,95%CI:1.075-1.651,P<0.001),family environment(OR=0.780,95%CI:0.661-0.918,P<0.05),regular wearing mask(OR=18.154,95%CI:4.566-72.182,P<0.001),chronic diseases(OR=0.476,95%CI:0.404-0.562,P<0.001),risk level of residence(OR=1.512,95%CI:1.017-2.247,P<0.05),and worrying about short duration of vaccine protection(OR=0.729,95%CI:0.646-0.822,P<0.001)were the main factors influencing the hesitant attitude of inoculating COVID-19 vaccine.Conclusion COVID-19 vaccination population in Pudong new area of Shanghai city has low hesitation rate and high willingness to come for vaccination.Worrying about the short protection period of the vaccine is an important factor affecting the attitude of COVID-19 vaccine injection.