氍毹的传播路径及唐代氍毹图像的流行

The Transmission Path and Popularization of Wool Carpet in the Tang Dynasty

氍毹是中亚及其西部地区游牧民族铺垫在地面的一种毛毯,用羊毛编织而成,并有精美的图案。汉代张骞出使西域之后,中国始从大秦了解到氍毹这种物品。魏晋时期,粟特人将氍毹作为珍贵的贡品进献给中国,但氍毹图像尚未流行。南北朝至隋代,来自中亚的粟特人来华经商并定居长安、洛阳、邺城等地,氍毹作为重要商品输入长安和中原地区,来华粟特人及其后裔的石葬具上的图像中出现了氍毹。唐玄宗时期,氍毹图像在西安地区的贵族墓室壁画中较为流行,主要原因是唐玄宗个人喜爱异域文化,同时借助胡化的手段笼络异族人心,促进了胡旋舞在宫廷的盛行并以图像的形式被引入墓室之中。

The Wool Carpet is a type of woolen blanket used by nomadic tribes in Central Asia and its western regions to cover the ground.It is woven from sheep wool and adorned with exquisite patterns.After Zhang Qian's mission to the Western Regions during the Han Dynasty,China first learned about the Wool Carpet from the Roman Empire.During the Wei and Jin Dynasty,the Sogdians presented the Wool Carpets as precious tribute to China,but its images were not yet popular.From the Southern and Northern Dynasties to the Sui Dynasty,Sogdian merchants from Central Asia came to China for trade and settled in cities such as Chang'an,Luoyang,and Yecheng,introducing Wool Carpet as an important commodity to Chang'an and the Central Plains.The Wool Carpet images began to appear on the stone burial objects of Sogdian immigrants and their descendants in China.During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong in the Tang Dynasty,The Wool Carpet images became more popular in the noble tombs'murals in Xi'an region.The reason was mainly due to Emperor Xuanzong's personal appreciation for exotic cultures.Simultaneously,through Sogdianization methods,he sought to win the hearts of people from different ethnic backgrounds,promoting the prevalence of Huxuan Dance in the imperial court and incorporating their imagery into tomb chambers.