3一6岁儿童汉字识读效果的发展性研究

A Study on the Development of Chinese Character Recognition Ability of Children Aged 3-6 Years Old

研究者选取201名3一6岁儿童,探究字源一解形识读法与看图识读法对不同年龄段学前儿童汉字识读效果的影响。结果表明:(1)从记忆保持曲线整体来看,字源一解形识读法下幼儿汉字识读短时记忆效果与长时记忆效果均更优;(2)从汉字字音与字义的识读效果看,字源一解形识读法显著优于看图识读法;(3)在两种识读法下,大班幼儿的汉字识读效果均显著优于中班与小班幼儿,且字源一解形识读法产生的差异效应量大于看图识读法,而中班与小班幼儿之间的差异不显著。基于上述结果,研究者提出相应教育建议。

The researchers selected 201 children aged 3-6 years old to explore the effects of etymology with grapheme-analysis,and pictographic reading on Chinese character recognition among preschool children of different ages.The results showed that:(1)Overall,the short-term memory effect and long-term memory retention effect of Chinese character recognition were better under the method of etymology with grapheme-analysis.(2)In terms of the recognition effect of Chinese character pronunciation and meaning,the method of etymology with grapheme-analysis was significantly better than the pictographic reading method.(3)Under both recognition methods,the Chinese character recognition effect of the kindergarten children in the oldest class was significantly higher than that of the children in the middle and youngest classes,and the effect size of method of etymology with grapheme-analysis was greater than that of the pictographic reading method;the diference between the middle and youngest class children was not significant.Based on these results,the researchers proposed corresponding educational suggestions.