弥漫性脉络膜视网膜萎缩的研究进展

Research progress in diffuse chorioretinal atrophy

弥漫性脉络膜视网膜萎缩(DCA)是一类近视性黄斑病变,表现为视网膜后极部出现黄白色萎缩样改变。DCA是诊断病理性近视的重要临界特征,该疾病的早期干预与治疗对延缓病理性近视进展和降低视功能损伤有重要的意义。利用眼科影像学检查可诊断该疾病,彩色眼底照相最为简便而直观。脉络膜厚度亦是诊断DCA的关键指标,而目前尚未明确定义该疾病的脉络膜厚度诊断临界值。随着人工智能技术的发展与普及,对病变影像学资料的分析更加客观、准确。未来期望通过人工智能的手段积极建立DCA的标准量化评估体系,以实现早期发现、早期诊断和早期治疗病理性近视。

Diffuse choroidal retinal atrophy(DCA)is a type of myopic macular disease that presents with yellowish-white atrophic changes at the posterior pole of the eyeball.DCA is an important critical feature in the diagnosis of pathological myopia.Early intervention and treatment of this disease are of great significance in delaying the progression of pathological myopia and reducing the impairment of visual function.Ophthalmic imaging data can be used to diagnose the disease,and color fundus photography is the most simple and intuitive.Choroidal thickness is also a key indicator in the diagnosis of DCA,but the diagnostic critical value of choroidal thickness has not been clearly defined.With the development and popularization of artificial intelligence technology,the analysis of lesion imaging data is more objective and accurate.In the future,it is expected to actively establish a standard quantitative evaluation system for DCA by means of artificial intelligence to achieve early detection,early diagnosis and early treatment of pathological myopia.