食品工业用遗传修饰微生物及相关产品的安全性管理现状

Safety management status for genetically modified microorganism and related products used for food industry

遗传修饰微生物(GMM)或称转基因微生物,又称重组DNA微生物,是指通过天然方式(如杂交和/或自然重组)以外的方式而发生遗传物质改变的微生物。国际组织和各国对食品工业用GMM及相关产品的安全性管理要求各不相同,并制定了不同的管理法规。我国对食品工业用GMM及相关产品的安全性管理工作十分重视,已陆续出台了一系列法律法规和部门规章、公告和标准等。本文系统梳理国际组织和欧美等国家对食品工业用GMM及相关产品的安全性管理要求,为我国相关风险的管理提供参考和借鉴。

Genetically modified microorganism(GMM),also known as recombinant DNA microorganism,means a micro-organism in which the genetic material has been altered in a way that does not occur naturally by mating and/or natural recombination.Given the fact that the safety management requirements for GMM and related products used in food industry differ among countries,different countries adopt different regulations.Chinese government attaches great importance to the management of GMM and related products used in food industry,and has successively issued a series of administrative regulations,departmental rules,announcements,and standards.This study systematically reviews the safety management requirements from international organizations and Western countries for GMM and related products used in food industry,and provides reference and experience for the management of relevant risks in China.