纳米W-Cu复合粉体制备的研究进展

Research Progress in the Preparation of Nanometer W-Cu Composite Powder

W-Cu复合材料结合了W、Cu金属各自优良性能,具有良好的高温强度、延展性、抗电弧烧结性、耐高温氧化和低膨胀系数等特点,广泛应用于机械加工、国防工业、航空航天、电子信息、军事等领域。以超细纳米W-Cu复合粉体为原材料是制备出性能优越的W-Cu复合材料的主要途径之一,受到国内外学者的广泛关注。主要总结了W-Cu超细纳米复合粉体的制备方法,如机械合金化法、化学共沉淀法、水热合成-共还原法、喷雾干燥法、溶胶-凝胶法、冷冻-干燥法、燃烧法等,并通过分析现阶段制备W-Cu纳米复合粉体存在的问题,提出了未来该领域的研究方向。

W-Cu composite material combines the excellent properties of W and Cu metals,has good high temperature strength,ductility,arc sintering resistance,high temperature oxidation resistance,low expansion coefficient and other characteristics,and is widely used in machining,defense industry,aerospace,electronic information,military and other fields.Using ultrafine nano-W-Cu composite powder as raw material is one of the main ways to prepare W-Cu composite materials with superior performance,which has attracted wide attention from scholars at home and abroad.This review mainly focuses on the preparation methods of W-Cu ultrafine nanocomposite powders,such as mechanical alloying,chemical coprecipitation,hydrothermal synthesis-coreduction,spray drying,sol-gel,freeze-drying,combustion method,etc.,and puts forward potential research directions of this field in the future by analyzing the existing problems in the preparation of W-Cu nanocomposite powders.