基于城市公共交通可达性的医疗服务空间评价——以成都市金牛区为例

Evaluation of Medical Service Space Based on the Accessibility of Urban Public Transportation——Through Taking Jinniu District,Chengdu City as an Example

医疗服务可达性是城市居民就医便利程度的重要影响因素。利用ArcGIS网络分析模式与空间点格局分析法评估成都市金牛区医院与居住区的空间分布特征及就医平均可达时间,讨论私家车与公交车关于可达性水平的高低与空间聚集现状。研究结果表明,金牛区医院整体可达性较强,91.26%的居住区基本满足30 min的就医需求,顶峰时段公共交通工具更具优势。金牛区的医疗服务设施等资源存在8.3%的重叠及分配不均现象,可对相应医院的设施及配置进行优化,提升各医院的基础服务水平,扩大服务范围,开通快速直达道路,避免因交通拥堵而造成不必要损失。金牛区的居住区与医院分布方向大致相同,圈层密度由核心到边缘逐渐减少,但密度较低区域部分居民就医需求无法得到满足。应优化可达性较弱居住区周边的公共交通基础设施,更深层次维护多种公共交通间的联系。

The accessibility of medical services is an important influencing factor of the convenience of medical treatment of urban residents.The study evaluates the spatial distribution characteristics and average access time of hospitals and residential areas in Jinniu District,Chengdu City with ArcGIS network analysis model and spatial point pattern analysis method;and discusses the accessibility level of private cars and buses,and the spatial aggregation status.The results show that the overall accessibility of hospitals in Jinniu District is strong,91.26%residential areas can basically meet the demand for medical treatment in 30 minutes,and public transportation is more advantageous during peak hours.In Jinniu District,there are 8.3%overlap and uneven distribution of medical service facilities.It is necessary to optimize the facilities and configuration of corresponding hospitals,improve the basic service level of each hospital,expand the scope of service,and open fast direct roads to avoid unnecessary losses caused by traffic congestion.The distribution direction of residential areas and hospitals in Jinniu District is roughly the same,and the density of the circle layer decreases from the core to the edge,but the demand for medical treatment of some residents in the low-density area cannot be met.It is suggested to optimize the public transportation around the residential areas with weak accessibility,and maintain the connection between various public transportation in a deeper level.