新疆尼雅遗址出土锦护膊的保护修复

Conservation and restoration of arm protector unearthed from Niya Site in Xinjiang

新疆民丰县尼雅遗址出土的一件锦护膊因埋藏及出土保存环境影响,其保存状况差,存在皱褶、糟朽、脱线和褪色等病害。利用三维视频显微镜观察织物组织结构,红外显微镜推断文物老化程度,扫描电镜及液相色谱仪分析纤维类型,结果表明:锦面为1:1平纹经锦,贴边及绢带为平纹;锦护膊存在的不同程度的老化;绢带纤维为丝纤维,推测为桑蚕丝。为了使锦护膊得到安全保存,在以科学认知的基础上,对锦护膊采用消毒灭菌、除尘、回潮、平整、绉丝纱加固、装盒等处理。修复后的锦护膊文物强度、柔韧度提高,满足陈列研究和长期保存。

A piece of arm protector unearthed from the Niya Site in Minfeng County,Xinjiang,has poor preservation due to the influence of burial and excavation environment.It has diseases such as wrinkles,decay,detachment,and fading.Using a three-dimensional video microscope to observe the fabric structure,an infrared microscope to infer the degree of aging of cultural relics,and a scanning electron microscope and liquid chromatography to analyze fiber types,the results showed that the brocade surface was 1:1 plain weave warp brocade,and the edges and ribbons were plain weave;The varying degrees of aging in the presence of Jin Hu Bao;The silk ribbon fiber is silk fiber,speculated to be mulberry silk.In order to ensure the safe storage of the arm protector,based on scientific understanding,disinfection and sterilization,dust removal,moisture regain,leveling,crepe yarn reinforcement,box packaging and other treatments are adopted for the brocade protector.After restoration,the strength and flexibility of the brocade protective arm cultural relics have been improved,meeting the needs of display research and long-term preservation.