神经元-胶质细胞缝隙连接与神经环路的相互作用

Interaction between neuron-glial cell gap junction and neural circuit

间隙连接(gap junction,GJ)也称为缝隙连接,广泛存在于神经元及胶质细胞之间,能够连接相邻细胞并介导相邻细胞间电信号的传递。而这种存在于神经元间,能够介导胞间电信号传递的GJ通道,亦可称为电突触。间隙连接蛋白(connexins,Cxs)是构成GJ的分子基础,在不同的神经元及胶质细胞上都有着不同程度的表达。GJ的存在能够介导神经元以及神经胶质细胞间的不同功能建立,进一步去影响各类成熟神经环路的建立,其对于研究神经精神类疾病发病机制有一定意义。该篇综述联系有关于GJ以及不同Cxs对神经元和不同神经胶质细胞作用的影响,去讨论GJ与神经环路之间的关系,为治疗神经精神疾患提供新的研究思路。

Gap junction(GJ),also known as gap junction,is widely found between neurons and glial cells,and can connect neighboring cells and mediate the transmission of electrical signals between neighboring cells.The GJ channel,which exists between neurons and mediates intercellular electrical signaling,is also known as an electrical synapse.Connexins(Cxs)are the molecular basis of GJ,and are expressed to different degrees in different neurons and glial cells.The presence of GJ mediates different functions among neurons and glial cells,which further influences the establishment of various mature neural circuits,reflecting the importance of GJ in the maintenance of neural circuits.This review summarizes the relationship between GJ and neural circuits in relation to the effects of GJ and different Cxs on neurons and glial cells,providing new research ideas for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.