从传忆作品考察林纾的女性思想

An Investigation on Lin Shu's Feminist Thought in Biographies and Memoirs

学界多从西学东渐视角探索林纾的女性思想,实则,其古文、白话诗与笔记等非虚构作品中留下大量彼时女性的事迹与评价,较之于西洋小说翻译的评点,更具史料的真实性与可信度。它们是近代中国现实生活层面女性生存困境、身体病痛、精神隐忧和命运悲剧的实录与呈现;也体现了林纾从传统与现实出发,对妇德、母职、女学、贞烈等女性问题的书写与主张。林纾的女性思想,虽然总体上体现了社会转型时期中西古今文化的碰撞,但相对于西方基于平等观念的共情伦理道德以及娜拉式反叛的女权道路,则更突显了儒家“恻隐之心”的道德情感根源以及关注现实情境中女性生存与发展问题的独特性。这在新文化运动、西化思潮、女性解放理论退潮后,其不同于主流现代性女性理论的本土经验与价值越发得到体现。

Lin Shu's feminist thought can be better expounded by his ancient writings,vernacular poems,notes and other non-fiction works imprinted with women's deeds and evaluations of that period due to their authenticity and credibility in comparison with commentaries on his translation of Western novels.As they are the actual records and presentations of women's existential dilemma,physical illness,spiritual distress and destined tragedies in modern China,they reflect the author's writing and advocacy of women's issues such as feminist morality,women's education,motherhood and chastity from the perspective of tradition and reality.In general,his feminist thought represents the cultural collision between the Orient and Occident during the period of social transformation.But specifically,it highlights the moral and emotional roots of Confucian compassion and the uniqueness of concern for women's survival and development in real life in contrast with the Western ethics of empathy based on the concept of equality and the Nara-style rebellious feminism.In the wake of the New Culture Movement,Westernization,and Women's Liberation,the embedded local experiences and values of Confucianism are better manifested owing to the distinction from the mainstream modern feminist theories.