盐构造变形样式及其形成的控制因素分析

Analysis of Deformation Patterns and Controlling Factors of Salt Structures

中国含油气盆地中盐构造发育,其构造变形机理的复杂性及与油气聚集成藏之间的密切关系,已成为当前构造地质学及油气勘探领域研究的热点之一。由于沉积盆地所处的构造背景不同,盐构造变形受到的控制因素有所差异,从而在不同地区发育了各种样式的盐构造。在前人研究的基础上,分析了盐构造的典型样式及变形控制因素。结果表明:盐构造变形样式主要包括盐枕、盐背斜、盐墙、盐株、盐席、悬挂体、泪滴体、驼峰状盐底辟、盐脊、盐蓬等多种构造样式,其构造变形受到盐层厚度、沉积差异负载、先存构造和进积作用等因素的影响。最后以库车坳陷地区发育的盐构造为例,论述了该地区典型的盐构造变形特征及盐构造变形的影响因素。

The salt structure is developed in China's oil and gas basins.The complexity of its structural deformation mechanism and its close relationship with oil and gas accumulation have become one of the hotspots in the field of structural geology and oil and gas exploration.Due to the different tectonic backgrounds of sedimentary basins,salt structures are affected by different factors,so various styles of salt structures are developed in different regions.In this paper,through the investigation of a large number of literatures,on the basis of previous studies,the typical style and deformation control factors of salt structure are analyzed.The results show that the salt tectonic deformation styles mainly include salt pillow,salt anticline,salt wall,salt plant,salt mat,hanging body,tear drop body,hump-shaped salt diapir,salt ridge,salt canopy and other structural styles.The structural deformation is affected by the thickness of salt layer,sedimentary differential load and,pre-existing structures,progradation and other factors.Finally,taking the salt structure developed in the Kuqa Depression as an example,the typical salt structure deformation characteristics and the influencing factors of salt structure deformation in this area are discussed.